赵老师问诊GRE：掌握规律是关键

关键字 GRE阅读文章特点 GRE阅读文章规律 GRE阅读文章

2014-02-26 来源：新通外语网igo99.cn 作者：赵欢阅读量：手机阅读

导读

很多学生对于GRE阅读部分感到恐惧，不仅是因为文章的内容题材比较抽象难懂，而且一些长达几排的长难句令他们望而生畏。在这样的心态下，他们做题时就会感到不自信，力不从心。本来不难的题，他们也会觉得难以解答。事实上，GRE文章有很明显的规律性。如果我们熟悉这些文章的规律特征，那么在解题时，就能做到有的放矢，从容不迫。把自己有限的时间和精力集中在有意义的部分，做到阅读时精略结合，有张有弛。

1、极强的逻辑性

GRE 考查重心：文章逻辑关系﹥文章具体内容（☆逻辑结构）

GRE阅读考察的重点不是对于文章内容的精确理解，而是对于文章各个部分之间的逻辑关系的准确把握。所以，面对满篇的专业术语，我们无须纠结某专业术语X到底是什么意思，我们要做的是，分析X与上下文之间在逻辑上的联系。

GRE文章的逻辑性具体体现在以下两方面：

A.篇章结构布局的逻辑性

B.大量使用逻辑关系表达方式

请注意下文划线部分，它们都体现出文章的逻辑脉络走向，可以帮助考生抓住重点信息。

例1：

There is some dispute about the method of transport involved. Some biologists argue that ocean and air currents are responsible for the transport of plant seeds to Hawaii. Yet the results of flotation experiments and the low temperatures of air currents cast doubt on these hypotheses. More probable is bird transport,…While it is likely that…

例2：

At a certain period in Earth’s history, its atmosphere contained almost no oxygen, although plants were producing vast quantities of oxygen. As a way of reconciling these two facts, scientists have hypothesized that nearly all of the oxygen being produced was taken up by iron on Earth’s surface. Clearly, however, this explanation is inadequate. New studies show that the amount of iron on Earth’s surface was not sufficient to absorb anywhere near as much oxygen as was being produced. Therefore, something in addition to the iron on Earth’s surface must have absorbed much of the oxygen produced by plant life.

2. 作者态度的规律性

（1）论述的客观性

作者通常不会使用极端的词汇或表达极端的态度或评价。因此，避免了绝对的正评价或负评价。下面这些短语是符合GRE作者态度的一些表达方式：

qualified approval 有限制的同意

guarded criticism谨慎的批评

enthusiasm tempered by minor reservation 热情略带保留

partially correct 部分正确

tentative acceptance 不确定的接受

reluctant approval 不情愿的赞同

我们要避免下列绝对词汇：

complete approval

entire objection

absolute

unmitigated

unrestrained

unchecked

下面这个段落也体现出了作者态度的客观性。作者先正评价Pessen的观点，然后指出其观点的缺陷：

Pessen does present a quantity of examples, together with some refreshingly intelligible statistics, to establish the existence of an inordinately wealthy class. … Although these observations are true, Pessen overestimates their importance by concluding from them that…

（2）喜新厌旧，标新立异

喜新厌旧：通常否定旧观点、传统观点，同意新观点。

标新立异：通常否定大多数人的观点，同意与众不同、积极创新的观点。

a. 认可新观点：new/novel findings, newly developed, recent study, recently proposed explanation,

b. 否定旧观点：traditionally assumed, once believed, for many years, more than a decade ago

c. 反对多数人公认的观点：many scientists have argued, we all agree, frequently assumed, widely accepted, universally held

我们来看下面一个例子：

Many critics of Emily Bronte’s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as a counterpoint that comments on, if it does not reverse, the first part, where a romantic reading receives more confirmation. Seeing the two parts as a whole is encouraged by the novel’s sophisticated structure, revealed in its complex use of narrators and time shifts. … However, any interpretation that seeks to unify all of the novel’s diverse elements is bound to be somewhat unconvincing. …

作者先指出很多评论者对于Wuthering Heights的评价，然后马上转折，说明自己不赞同这些评论。

3. 文章风格的固定性

（1）大量使用让步表达方式，强化逻辑严密性：

常见的让步表达方式有：although, while; do, seem; no doubt, undoubtedly; it’s not to deny…, it is true that…等

（2）惯用转折表达方式，建立转折关系：

我们来看下面一个段落，请注意表达转折让步的划线部分：

Theorists are divided concerning the origin of the Moon. Some hypothesize that the Moon was formed in the same way as were the planets in the inner solar system (Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth)—from planet-forming materials in the presolar nebula. But, unlike the cores of the inner planets, the Moon’s core contains little or no iron, while the typical planet-forming materials were quite rich in iron.