雅思写作：词汇量不足该如何应对？

书面表达时，我们常常会碰到这种情况：一个意思往往因一个单词不会而表达不清，或者一个好的句子因一个单词想不起来而不能完成。面对这种情况，该如何应对呢？下面就由小编为大家介绍三种简便易行的应对措施，希望能对同学们有所帮助。

一、换用笼统词

英语词汇大体可分为两类：笼统词和具体词。笼统词的特点在于意义广泛、搭配性强。虽然它们独自不能精确表达一个动作，但在构成词组以后可替代许多具体词。写作中遇到一些具体词写不出来的时候，用笼统词取代，能收到异曲同工之妙。最常用的笼统词有 have，take 等。

例：迈克经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。

Mike experienced a terrible hard time.

写作时，若忘记了experience 可用笼统词 have 代替，写成 ：Mike had a terrible hard time. 同样能收到预期效果。

再看几例：Are you married? = Do you have a wife/husband?

Do you understand my meaning? = Do you take my meaning?

She will subscribe to China Daily Today. = She will take China Daily Today。

二、换用同义词或反义词

遇到未曾学过的词或一时想不起的词时，可采用发散性思维，发挥想象力，尽可能想出与之有关的同义词或反义词，利用语言的内在联系，多层次、多角度地运用语言，使单词受阻现象得以解决。

例：昨晚李雷做了一场恶梦。

Li Lei had a nightmare last night.

因 nightmare 使用率不高，不易记住。但其同义词 bad dream 易记。上句可换译为：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.

再如：The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat. = The food is delicious.

We discontinued the work at nine. = We stopped the work at nine.

This woman is talkative. = This woman is never quiet.

This car is expensive. = This car is not cheap。

三、换用迂回表达

当一个词或某些信息表达起来有困难时，要充分利用语言本身词汇丰富、句型多变等特点，进行迂回表达。因为任何一种表达形式，只要能达意便可接受。请仔细观察划线部分词语，看看是如何迂回表达的。

例：

1. 我从未见到过这样顽固的人。

I've never seen such a stubborn person. = I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.

2. 如果我们想得到文凭，我们必须首先通过考试。

If we want to obtain a diploma, we must first pass the exams. = If we want to get a graduation paper, we must first pass the exams.

3. 工厂里的烟囱拔地而起。

High chimneys have appeared in the factories. = The factories are full of high chimneys. = A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.

4. 他数学考试取得优异成绩，被大学录取了。

He succeeded in the maths exam and became a college student. = He passed the maths exam and became a college student.

5. 中午我们吃了野餐。

At noon we had a picnic. = At noon we had our lunch in the open air.