1月19日考试，小作文地图题命中
Task 1
一级重点：表格、线图
二级重点：柱图、饼图
重点关注动态图
剑桥参考题目及范文
剑10 test2 p163
剑7 test2 P164
剑9 test2 P164
剑8 test2 P164
Task 2
一级重点：科技、环境保护、教育
二级重点：媒体、文化全球化、
三级重点：犯罪、政府、社会问题
教育
1. Some people believe that children can learn effectively by watching TV and they should be encouraged to watch TV both at home and school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. Nowadays, distance-learning programs are such common thing for us (the study material by post, by Internet), but some people argue that courses can never be taken as good as those by attending a college or university in person. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3. Some people think schools should teach students to form good behavior in addition to providing formal education. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4. Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
5. Many young people today leave school with a negative attitude towards learning. Why is this case? What can be done to encourage a positive attitude to learning in young people?
6. Many parents choose to teach their children at home rather than sending their children to school. What do these parents make such choice? Do you think the benefits of home schooling outweigh its drawbacks?
环境保护
1. Instead of trying to prevent climate change, people should find a way to live with it. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. In many countries, fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and crude oil are the main source of energy, while in some other countries, the use of alternative sources of energy such as wind power and solar energy is increasingly encouraged. To what extent do you think this is a positive development?
3. Some people think that the amount of noise people make have to be controlled strictly, while others say that people are free to smoke as much noise as they wish.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
4. Some people argue that too much attention and too many resources are given to the protection of wild animals and birds. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5. In some countries, there is not enough recycling of waste materials (e.g. paper, glass, cans). What are the reasons and solutions?
社会问题
1. Some people think governments should focus more on reducing environmental pollution and housing problems to help people prevent illness and diseases. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. Some people say that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Other, however, say that this would have little effect on public health and that other measures are required. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
3. One of the consequences of improved medical care is that people are living longer and life expectancy is increasing. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
4. In some countries around the world, men and women are having children late in life. What are the reasons for this development? What are the effects on society and family life?
5. As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?
科技
1. Some people think that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has had a negative effect on young people’s reading and writing skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. The range and quality of food have changed because of technological and scientific advances. Some people think the range of quality of food have improved, while others think these changes would be harmful.
3. In most countries, with the widespread use of internet, people have more freedom to choose to work and study at home instead of travelling to work or college. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
4. Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since the internet has widely replaced their function. To what extent you agree or disagree with this?
媒体
1. We rely on the news for knowledge of the world, but we are unsure how far trust to trust journalists. What do you think? And discuss what are the important qualities journalists should have.
2. Exposure to international media, such as TV, film and magazine, has a significant impact on the local culture. Do you agree that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
3. The news media have become more influential in people’s lives. Some people think it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4. Advertising discourages us from being different individuals by making them want to be or to look the same. Do you agree or disagree?
文化全球化
1.Some people believe famous people’s support towards international aid organizations draws the attention to problems, while others think celebrities make the problems less important. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
2.In some countries, people believe that international tourism is a bad thing for their country. What are the reasons for this? How to change their views.
3. Countries are becoming more and more similar because people are able to buy the same products anywhere in the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?
4.Some people believe that those who are not talented in language learning should not be required to learn a foreign language. Do you think school should require students to learn a foreign language?
5.Multi-cultural societies, which is a mixture of different ethnic people, bring more benefits than drawbacks to a country. Do you agree or disagree?
政府
1. Some people think the government should spend money to look for life on other planets, while others think it is a waste of public money, because there are other problems unsolved on earth. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
2. The government should spend money in promoting sport and art in school, rather than sponsoring professional sports and art events in communities.
3.Some people say governments should give priority to health care, while others believe that taxpayers’ money should be spent on other important priorities. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
4. Leaders or directors are often taken by older people but some people think it is better to have some young people to be leaders. To what extent do you agree or disagree about this opinion.
犯罪类
1.Some people believe that young people who commit serious crimes should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2.The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the level of violent crime in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3. In many countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed by teenagers. What are the reasons and how to solve the problem?
03 真题范文
教育
Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school.
Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
Traditionally, children have begun studying foreign languages at secondary school, but introducing them earlier is recommended by some educationalists. This policy has been adopted by some educational authorities or individual schools, with both positive and negative outcomes.
The obvious argument in its favor is that young children pick up languages much more easily than teenagers. Their brains are still programmed to acquire their mother tongue, which facilitates learning another language, and unlike adolescents, they are not inhibited by self-consciousness.
The greater flexibility of the primary timetable allows for more frequent, shorter sessions and for a play-centered approach, thus maintaining learners’ enthusiasm and progress. Their command of the language in later life will benefit from this early exposure, while learning other languages subsequently will be easier for them. They may also gain a better understanding of other cultures.
There are, however, some disadvantages. Primary school teachers are generalists, and may not have the necessary language skills themselves. If specialists have to be brought in to deliver these sessions, the flexibility referred to above is diminished. If primary language teaching is not standardized, secondary schools could be faced with a great variety of levels in different languages within their intake, resulting in a classroom experience which undoes the earlier gains. There is no advantage if enthusiastic primary pupils become demotivated as soon as they change schools. However, these issues can be addressed strategically within the policy adopted.
Anything which encourages language learning benefits society culturally and economically, and early exposure to language learning contributes to this. Young children’s innate abilities should be harnessed to make these benefits more achievable.
环境保护类
In modern world, it is no longer necessary to use animals for food or use animal products, for instance, clothing and medicines. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Today, science and technology are much more developed than before. Some people think that modern society no longer needs to consume animal products like food or medicines. I would say that this opinion is partly reasonable.
It is true that science has created a wide range of artificial materials for producing clothes, medicines and some other products that used to be made out of animals. Man-made replacements have appeared more powerful than animal products. A typical example is that people used to wear fur to keep warm, but nowadays there are better clothing products that can work exactly the same and are priced much lower. Also, in terms of medical treatment, newly-created drugs can fasten healing process, which largely shortens the recovering time for patients. All these achievements show that non-animal products are better alternatives for modern lifestyle and it is time to change our shopping priorities.
On the other hand, however advanced our technology is, it is impossible to duplicate everything given by Nature. The protein found in meat and milk is proved to be safe and natural for most people. By contrast, supplements may provide a similar type of protein but they can never fully replace the natural ingredients and even scientists think there is a risk of taking these pills for a long time. Also, modern medicines like antibiotics generate more side effects than some traditional medicines, so the benefits may not offset the drawbacks in this case.
To conclude, I believe that we surely can reduce the reliance on animals for food or other products, but it is still too early to abandon all animal products.
社会问题
One of the consequences of improved medical care is that people are living longer and life expectancy is increasing. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
Over the past 50 years, people have become used to the idea that they will probably live longer than their grandparents did. However, a longer life is only desirable if you can look after yourself and be independent, otherwise there can be disadvantages for everyone.
If you walk into a hospital in my country, you are likely to see a lot more elderly people than you did in the past. In fact, this is causing significant problems as there is a shortage of beds. Medical treatment is keeping the elderly alive, but at what cost to others?
On top of this, one of the biggest medical problems these days is dementia. Even if people are still fit, they may have to live with their children or be cared for in a home, which can be expensive. Elderly people do not like to be a burden, but their children can feel obliged to care for them.
Obviously, not all old people become ill. Those who remain healthy can enjoy a happy old age as long as they have saved enough money. People are much more active in their sixties and seventies than they used to be and this can only be a good thing. They have time to enjoy their retirement and do a range of activities that they could not do when they were at work. They can also help look after their grandchildren, which is a great benefit for working parents.
To sum up, I believe that we should aim to keep people as healthy as possible so that they can enjoy their old age without having to rely on others. A longer life expectancy is obviously advantageous, but no one wants to live to be 100 if they only cause problems for their family and society.
科技
Some people think that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has had a negative effect on young people’s reading and writing skills.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Some people are concerned with young people’s overuse of computers and mobile phones for communicating purposes as this behavior may negatively affect their reading and writing skills. I think these young people may lose some of these skills if they use these devices improperly.
Being addicted with phones and computers for casual chatting is time-consuming, which results in less time for reading. Some young addicts spend hours chatting with their friends, which takes up their reading time and gradually leads to the loss of interest in reading. Then, their reading skills will be degraded.
Another negative effect is on writing skills. As some young people have become used to a kind of lazy language which consists of inaccurate spelling and wrong grammar, they might use this casual-communication-based language for formal writing unconsciously. As a result, their writing appears unacceptable and unprofessional in many formal essays.
For those who know how to take advantage of these kinds of communication tools, there might be fewer negative effects. Some young users smartly use the devices to work with their teams on their school projects. During the process, they share and discuss useful reading materials for their essays or proofread one another’s writing. The communication tools in this case can contribute to better literacy skills.
To conclude, if computers and mobile phones are heavily used for activities like chatting, it is possible that the overuse will adversely affect young people’s reading and writing skills. On the other hand, the proper use of these communication tools may present a positive effect.
媒体
We rely on the news for knowledge of the world, but we are unsure how far trust to trust journalists. What do you think? And discuss what are the important qualities journalists should have.
The new has become an important source of information for people to connect with the world. However, people are often disappointed by what they read or watch in the news due to the unreliability of the journalists. I think our sense of uncertainty towards news media surely indicates some problems.
Generally, all journalists are required to obey the rules in the news industry. In other words, they are not allowed to publicize unproved incidents and events under any circumstances and they have the obligation to carefully examine details in their reports. Yet, in many situations, the journalists may simply want to grab attention from readers and viewers by fabricating stories that can stir up the public opinion, or they have to meet the deadlines so they are not able to double-check everything before turning in, so chances are the information could be false.
Therefore, a fully-qualified journalist should at least have the following two qualities. First of all, they should be faithful to the truth, which is the main responsibility they should shoulder in order to avoid unwanted controversy or even hatred between different countries and races. Second, no matter how long they have worked as a journalist, paying attention to details by all means is necessary as small errors could either confused people or create troubles for businesses and organizations. So having the above qualities is a must.
To conclude, it is inevitable that the news we have every day would contain misleading information as a result of attention-grabbing purpose or journalists’ carelessness. So I would say that to be a responsible journalist, staying with the truth and working with an attitude towards details are the primary qualities they should have.
文化全球化
Countries are becoming more and more similar because people are able to buy the same products anywhere in the world. Do you think this is a positive or negative development?
It is said that countries are becoming similar to each other because of the global spread of the same products, which are now available for purchase almost anywhere. I strongly believe that this modern development is largely detrimental to culture and traditions worldwide.
A country’s history, language and ethos are all inextricably bound up in its manufactured artefacts. If the relentless advance of international brands into every corner of the world continues, these bland packages might one day completely oust the traditional objects of a nation, which would be a loss of richness and diversity in the world, as well as the sad disappearance of the manifestation of a place’s character. What would a Japanese tea ceremony be without its specially crafted teapot, or a Fijian kava ritual without its bowl made from a certain type of tree bark?
Let us not forget either that traditional products, whether these be medicines, cosmetics, toys, clothes, utensils or food, provide employment for local people. The spread of multinational products can often bring in its wake a loss of jobs, as people turn to buying the new brand, perhaps thinking it more glamorous than the one they are used to. This eventually puts old-school craftspeople out of work.
Finally, tourism numbers may also be affected, as travellers become disillusioned with finding every place just the same as the one they visited previously. To see the same products in shops the world is boring, and does not impel visitors to open their wallets in the same way that trinkets or souvenirs unique to the particular area do.
Some may argue that all people are entitled to have access to the same products, but i say that local objects suit local conditions best, and that faceless uniformity worldwide is an unwelcome and dreary prospect.
政府
Some people say governments should give priority to health care, while others believe that taxpayers’ money should be spent on other important priorities. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Some people think that health care deserves more governmental funding than other issues. However, I believe that the government should invest money on whatever is identified as the root problem.
For some people having a decent health care system is necessary and more important than anything else. If people cannot afford to go to hospital or purchase medicine, their health condition will not be maintained. With a large portion of ill population, a country will probably experience a difficult time as companies and factories cannot find employees and there would be no public service available. Therefore, it is reasonable that the government prioritize health care in its budget plan.
However, in some cases, health care is not as urgent as other problems. For example, in some places, environmental problems have become the fundamental reason for people’s poor health. If the environment cannot maintain a normal level, people may keep being sick and would cost more public money. For the countries which are in great financial crisis, a large number of companies are closed and most people there are experiencing unemployment and loss of savings. The governments need to make immediate rescue plans to tackle this problem as the negative effects could destroy the economy in these countries.
Personally, the best way to utilize governments’ money is to spend on the problem that may cause or has resulted in problems in other areas. If poverty in a country is caused by limited education resources not people’s poor health, the government needs to fund schools and teachers instead of investing on some projects to create job opportunities. Therefore, tax payers would be satisfied when the government tries to solve the root problem first.
犯罪
In many countries, a high proportion of criminal acts are committed by teenagers. What are the reasons and how to solve the problem?
It is a common phenomenon that teenagers are committing a greater number of crimes in many countries. Some of them break the law because of their lack of knowledge of legal system and laws while others go against the law just for survival.
Some young criminals are not able to tell what is right or wrong as they are growing up spoilt and they only care about their own feelings. Because of this and limited necessary guidance about social rules from their parents and teachers, they have formed bad behaviors in their life and even break the law without fear and worries.
Another reason is that some teenagers cannot access enough money to meet their basic need of life such as food and shelters. They are living in poverty and their parents hardly can provide enough food or basic housing to them. Therefore, without the skills to earn a living, they choose to get money by stealing or robbing.
In order to reduce crime committed by teenagers, firstly, schools and parents should work together to provide necessary guidance and teach them how to form good behaviors and become a good member of the society. Meanwhile, classes should be set up to help them understand social rules and serious consequences of breading the law. Second, the government should make some practical policies to help the families living in poverty, offering them food and shelter, and provide job training for the parents so they can have income sources and financially support their children by themselves.
In conclusion, the problem of youth crime can be attributed to teenagers’ ignorance of laws and their need to survive. As a result, to tackle this problem, schools and parents should provide sufficient knowledge of laws to them and, at the same time, the government should offer financial help to those poor families.
