雅思写作地图题思路解析

 在雅思考试中，多数考生普遍觉得写作是很难拿高分的，对于从小只重视“输入”(听力和阅读)而忽视“输出”的中国学生来说，更是难上加难。雅思的写作考试对于学生的语言表达灵活与精准程度、文章流畅度和逻辑连贯性也是要求颇高的。

在两篇作文中，Task1是小作文，也就是“图表题”，要求学生在20分钟左右的时间内用150词以上尽量客观、准确、详尽地描述给出的图表。考试可能出现的图表可以分成两大类：数据类(线图、饼图、柱状图、表格)和非数据类(流程图、地图)。由于数据类的四类图表出现概率较高，往往学生会非常重视，然而非数据类中的流程图和地图却常常因为“不常考”而被考生们倏忽，尤其是地图题，而且今年的考试整体看，地图题有不断增加的趋势，所以2019年备考的同学们要提高警惕，加以重视，提前准备好此类考题的应对办法，做到心中有数，遇题不慌，稳操胜券。接下来我们来看看地图题有哪些特点需要掌握。

历史变迁题

1. 文章构架：

历史变迁题通常按照时间顺序划分主体段。题中要求比较几个年代就分成几个主体段来写，每段写其中一个历史阶段(但是如果每段都很短甚至只有一两句话，那么也可以考虑把几个很短的主体段合并为一个长主体段)开头段也是改写原题，结尾段也要求做出结论(最好能概括一下XX是如何发展变化的，但如果实在概括不出来也可以写“本地图展示了……在……阶段的变化过程”)

2. 时态：

历史变迁题的开头段改写原题时也用一般现在时，但主体段和结尾段则需要用过去时。如果其中一个图的时间是“现在”，在单纯描述这张图时需要用一般现在时。

3. 比较重点：

概括信息时不能记流水帐，抓住主要信息，变化差异大的信息描述，同时注意句型的变换，表达形式避免单一，主语的变化要体现出来，对于非重要的信息也不能忽略不写， 可以一句话概括，不要遗漏信息。

4. 常用句型和例句

1) 在某处建造了A

A was built in/ was constructed in/ was put up in …

e.g. A playground was constructed in the southeast of the park in place of the original flower bed in 1980, where residents can play all kinds of ball games and do other activities now.

2) 在某处又增建了A

A was added to…/ An addition was made to …, which was A.

e.g. Two other paths, which extend to the north and east, were added to the original ones.

3) A被改造成了B (改变场地或建筑的用途时)

A was turned into/ was converted to B

e.g. The flower bed located in the southeast in 1980 was converted to a playground for people to play a variety of ball games.

4) A从场地上被移走或拆掉了

A was removed/ demolished/ taken down.

e.g. The surrounding walls and two gates were removed now, thus visitors can get in and out more freely.

5) A被B取代了

A was replaced by B

e.g. The south-western flower bed was replaced by bushes.

6) 场地上某些其他事物已经被移走了，但是A存留下来了

……, but A remained

e.g. Most of the facilities in the park have been changed or removed during these years, but only the pond and benches near the western gate remained at the same place.

7)  A的面积被缩小/扩大了

The size of A was reduced/ expanded to …

The size of the north-eastern tree area was reduced to only half of the original size.

8)  A 经历了(某种变化)

A experienced/ witnessed/ saw …

e.g. The park has witnessed tremendous changes and adaptations during the period of over three decades.

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