从雅思阅读中博古识今——埃及金字塔是用风筝建起来的么？

一句“欲练此功必先自宫”让《葵花宝典》名扬天下，我们打算成功屠鸭的宝宝们当然不用这么悲催，但是“欲屠此鸭必做真题”可是一点都不夸张，所以各位烤鸭想必已经对剑桥的真题是了然于胸的。那么从今天开始就跟着Fiona从虐你千百遍的的雅思阅读中探寻那些让你瞬间提升逼格的东西吧。

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剑桥雅思真题7雅思阅读中test4中有篇文章Pulling Strings to Build Pyramids讲的是在探索古埃及金字塔建造之谜的众学说中Maureen Clemmons提出的当时人们用风筝运送巨石建造金字塔的假说。

在正文部分第一段写道While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she noticed a hieroglyph （象形文字）that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what looked like ropes that led, via some kind mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object.那么究竟是什么样的象形文字可以带给Clemmons这么大的灵感呢？

下面这个就是从资料中截取的图片，让我们一睹为快吧。

从正文第三段我们得知来自著名常青藤学校加州理工学院（California Institute of Technology）的航空学教授Morteza Gharib和他的学生Emilio Graff为了验证这一假说的可能性做了实验。

英国《新科学家》周刊曾有一篇文章写过这个实验：他们在平卧的石条一端上方装配了一个帐篷形状的脚手架，脚手架的顶端悬挂有滑轮。设想是，当石条的一端提起后，基底就会随架空的滑轮在地上滚动。他们将克莱门斯的设想投入了试验，用一个40平方米大的长方形尼龙“翼伞”篷，伞篷张开的一刹那产生了一股强大的力量，仅40秒钟，33.5吨重的石条就被笔直地提了起来。当时的风速仅为16－20公里／小时。他们没有料到的是风筝打开时的力量。这说明风筝的确可以提起重物。Gharib认为有40个左右的人再加上四五个风筝，300吨的石条也可以被提起来。因此他们认为Clemmons的设想是正确的：金字塔的建造者们可以利用风筝将大块的石料搬运到位。当然是否确有其事则另当别论。 【在线咨询更多雅思阅读细节】

不过不知道在读原文的时候各位看官有没有能够脑补出实验的画面呢？那么就来看看这张图吧！

说到埃及的金字塔总会带给我们神秘的感觉，那么就让我们来扒一扒金字塔的那些事儿吧。

首先让我们看看维基百科上是怎么写埃及金字塔的：

The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt. As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids. Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs （法老）and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara（埃及塞加拉）, northwest of Memphis. The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser （左塞尔金字塔）(constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty. This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry. The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza（吉萨）, on the outskirts of Cairo（开罗）. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu （胡夫金字塔）at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid. It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.

这些金字塔中恐怕大家最熟知的就是吉萨金字塔中的胡夫金字塔了，就是前面有狮身人面像的金字塔。

雅思阅读资源推荐：

如果大家对金字塔感兴趣，Fiona在这里推荐一部纪录片：Pyramid: beyond imagination (BBC)

大家也可以到bbc网站上了解古埃及文明的相关内容：

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