雅思写作备考：增加句子句型多样性

在雅思写作的评分标准中，有“语法的多样性与准确度”的考核要求，而要达到该要求，同学们需要在雅思写作的句子句型上多下功夫。有效的句子甚而段落通常应当同时满足以下五个要素：一致、连贯、简洁、强调、多样。

1. 一致：如句内的逻辑关系，注意检查是否存在简单推论、逻辑残缺、逻辑悖论、依赖偏见等。

Born in a small town in South Chinain the early 1950s, he grew up to be a famous musician.

→ He was born in a small town in South China in the early 1950s. In his childhood he liked to sing songs. Later he entered a conservatory. In the 1970s he became a famous musician.

2. 连贯：这个问题在平行结构、共用主语、使用指代的情况下尤其需要注意。

We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman.

→ We thought she was charming, intelligent, and very capable.

Or: We thought she was a charming, intelligent, and very capable young woman.

He was knocked down by a bicycle, but it was not serious.

→ He was knocked down by a bicycle, but was not badly injured.

Looking out of the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.

→ Looking out of the window, we can see the grassland stretching as far as the eye can reach.

Or: Outside the window, the grassland stretches as far as the eye can reach.

He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, which nobody believed.

→ He gave a reason, which nobody believed, for not attending the meeting.

Or: He gave a reason for not attending the meeting, a reason which nobody believed.

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3. 简洁：英美文化推崇坦率和直接，通常不需要体现咱儒家文化的含蓄和委婉。

It was small in size and blue in colour.

→ It was small and blue.

He usually likes to drink all kinds of wines that are produced in France.

→ He prefers French wines.

4. 强调：正如每篇文章都要有中心思想(main idea)，每个段落都要有主题句(topic sentence)一般，每个句子都要围绕一个中心观点清晰地呈现出作者想要表现的重点。

 He is modest and hardworking and is a good student.

 → He is a good student, modest and hardworking.

There is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old, in the temple.

→ In the temple there is a big tree, which is said to be 300 years old.

At the sight of the disorderly crowd, he was aware that something bad would be possible.

→ The moment he saw the disorderly crowd, he knew that something bad would happen.

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5. 多样：中文重重复，英文重替代，中英差异使然。

I got up a little later than usual on Sunday morning. I washed and had a quick breakfast. Then I started going to town to buy the dictionary recommended by the teacher. At the school gate I saw Li Ming. I asked him if he was going to town too, and he said that he was. So we decided to go together. All the buses were crowded. We had to wait for a long time at the bus stop before we could get on a bus. An hour later we got off the bus at a busy street. There were three bookstores there. We went to the first one and didn’t find the dictionary. Then we went to the second one and the shop assistant said that the dictionary was sold out. I finally bought the dictionary at the third bookstore. After that Li Ming and I went to other stores and bought various things. We returned to school just in time for lunch.

→ I got up a little later than usual on Sunday morning. After washing and a quick breakfast, I started going to town to buy the dictionary recommended by the teacher. At the school gate I saw Li Ming and asked him if he was going to town too. He said he was, so we decided to go together. All the buses were crowded, and we had to wait for a long time at the bus stop before we could get on one. An hour later, we got off at a busy street where there were three bookstores. We went to the first one and did not find the dictionary. In the second one we were told the dictionary had been sold out. It was in the third that we finally bought the dictionary. After that, Li Ming and I went to other stores where we bought various things. We returned to school just in time for lunch.

当然，这只是写出漂亮英文的第一步。想要真正写出一篇看起来比较地道的文章，还需要在体会中英差异和广泛阅读的基础上多下苦功。无他，但手熟尔。更多雅思考试资讯，请关注新通外语雅思频道。

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