托福独立写作分析

首先我们来说说托福考试独立写作的出题模式。总的来说，有两种主要出题形式：　

1、 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? XXX　　

2、 Some people prefer to XXX, while others like to XXX. Which do you prefer?　　

其中，第一种最常见，大约占80-90%，这种题目要么agree，要么disagree，没有中间状态，但是需要注意的是，不管是"完全不同意"还是"不完全同意"都是不同意。比如，问题说：Do you agree or disagree? If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time that their children spend on watching TV. 写的时候就可以完全不同意，因为Limiting children will only create problems instead of inviting better performances. 而如果问题是：Do you agree or disagree? Advice from our grandparents is no longer useful, for the world has changed so much over the past 50 years. 写的时候就可以说some of their advice may be no longer useful due to the rapid social or technological changes, but they can still provide valuable suggestions in many ways since they have experienced many things that we are experiencing today. 这就叫不完全同意，也属于disagree的范畴。另外，如果问：Do you agree or disagree? A is more important than B. 也是可以写不同意的，接着证明A and B are equally important. 这种立意经常被同学们理解为"中立"，其实还是属于disagree的范畴。

下面，我们来分析独立写作的评分细则：　

Effectively addresses the topic and the task--紧扣主题，别说废话(看懂题目是答题的第一步，有些同学连题目都没仔细看就开始答题，很容易出错，比如文章问should teachers be rewarded with incomes comparable to those of doctors, lawyers, and business leaders，有些同学没看清comparable to是"比得上、差不多"的意思，而错误地理解成了"相比较(compare with)"，于是整篇跑题;最好不要使用模板，因为模板基本全是废话，考官阅文无数，火眼金睛，看到模板会非常反感。使用模板进行写作完全属于最初级的段数，对于拿到高分没有明显帮助，如果使用不当，反而会起反效果。)
　　Is well organized and well developed, using appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details--逻辑严密、内容充实(文章首段中的内容要和中间段对应，所有中间段的主题句应完美支持首段的主旨，不可以出现反效或无效论述;段落中要有必要的解释和例子，例子里面要有细节。)
　　Displays unity, progression, and coherence--文章连贯，有整体感
　　Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrate syntactic variety,appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors--语言熟练，句法多样，用词准确，偶有小错(能够熟练地使用英语进行表达，句式要富于变化，能够准确地选择并使用词汇，偶尔的且不影响意义表达的语法和拼写错误允许存在)

总而言之，借用考试时大家会听到的一句话，this section measures your ability to use writing to communicate in an academic environment，该部分是考查学生在学术环境中运用写作进行沟通的能力，考查的核心是communication skill。

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