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A good beginning is half done.万事开头难,雅思写作中很多学生在大作文的开头段花了很长时间也难磨出一个漂亮的开头。其实首段写作我们要做到无错、清晰、快速,而不要花太多实践在首段绞尽脑汁、字斟句酌,要把更多的时间精力和精彩的论证留给文章的主体段落。这里我介绍几种实用的首段写作方法。
1、背景介绍。如果看到题目想不出背景,那我们可以介绍题目中的话题普遍存在或者引起人们广泛关注,可使用以下句型:Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about (the phenomenon that…)… 比如题目是:Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 那么我们的背景就可以写作:Universities are one of the most important institutions in modern society. 或者Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the purpose of university education.
2、交代辩论的话题。这也可以说是改写题目中的topic。我们要学会的句型就是“是否应该。。。”“是这样。。。还是那样。。。”;或者直接写“一些人认为。。。。另一些人认为。。。”。依据上面的题目,对应句子分别是:However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills to graduates is a controversial issue; However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills or pure knowledge to graduates has caused heated debate; Some people state that universities should focus on giving access to knowledge, while others believe that the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace are more important for university graduates.
3、阐明观点。写作当然需要说理、例证和让步环环相扣,多数学生做不到谋篇布局,处处伏笔,前呼后应,所以最好在开头段就写出观点。在表达观点时掌握几种表达足矣:In my view…; My view is that…; I am convinced that…; I agree with the view that… (同位语从句写出同意的观点), for the following reasons. 比如还是上面的例子:My view is that job-related knowledge and skills should be the main focus of universities. 注意观点表明一定要清楚,比如很多学生会简单写出I disagree. 的观点,其实考官还是不知道你的观点是什么,所以要写的清晰详细。还有个问题是很多考生词汇量不大,在写背景和交代话题时已经反复使用有些词汇了,在观点中他自己也不想重复使用这些词汇,有时候用意思相差较远的词汇替代,导致观点离题,所以在写作中尽量在背景和交代话题时用替换词汇,表达观点一定要用扣题严谨的词汇。
最后写作是为了表达思想,所以写作时一定要灵活使用写作技巧和方法,首段不要抄题目,要注意连词的使用。
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