2011年新GRE填空样题 附分析及解答

Text Completion Questions 段落完成问题（段落完型填空）
　　
　　Text Completion questions include a passage composed of one to five sentences with one to three blanks. There are three answer choices per blank, or five answer choices if there is a single blank. There is a single correct answer, consisting of one choice for each blank. The examinee receives no credit for partially correct answers.

        段落完型部分包括一个段落含有1至5个句子，每个句子有1至3个空格。每个空格（空格数量在两个以上）有3个备选答案，而对于只有一个空格者则有5个备选答案。每空只有一个正确答案。考生只有将所有答案做对该题才得分，即：空格在两个以上者不分开计分。

        Sample Text Completion Questions 段落完型样题

　　Directions: For each blank select one entry from the corresponding column of choices. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.

　　答题指令：请在每个空格相应的栏目中选取能最好完善短文的备选答案。

　　1. It is refreshing to read a book about our planet by an author who does not allow facts to be （1）__________ by politics: well aware of the political disputes about the effects of human activities on climate and biodiversity, this author does not permit them to （2）__________ his comprehensive description of what we know about our biosphere. He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the （3）__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood before we can accurately diagnose the condition of our planet.

　　Answer: overshadowed, obscure, and superficiality of our theories

　　第一空线索：

　　读某本书能带来refreshing效果，则表明这本书作者写作的效果就是有让我们refreshing的效果或者预期。所以，他“does not allow facts to be （1）__________ by politics”不会让政治“politics”对这本书作什么作用呢？当然是不会让政治使其破坏这本书“refreshing”的特点。则，第一空从正负就可以将illuminated排除。具体选择“overshadowed”“invalidated”还要参看第二空。

　　第二空线索：

　　第二空线索说作者不允许them怎样。往前寻找them指代，很容易发现：them就是politics。这样一来，马上可以看到这样的重复：

　　an author who does not allow facts to be （1）__________ by politics
　　= this author does not permit them to （2）__________

　　都是说作者不允许政治对书做怎样的动作。则两空是同义重复。又由于第一空推出动作是负面的。故两空都是负面的。则第二空是obscure, 而第一空也就只能是overshadow。

　　第三空线索：

　　实际上是三个并列重复，同时和一个分词构成手段和目的重复。

　　He emphasizes the enormous gaps in our knowledge, the sparseness of our observations, and the （3）__________, calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understood

　　即：
　　the enormous gaps in our knowledge,

　　=the sparseness of our observations,

　　=（and） the （3）__________,

　　=calling attention to the many aspects of planetary evolution that must be better understoo．
　　
　　可以推断空格应该填写一个负面评价。