写作中常犯的语法错误合集

 语法的多样性与准确性是学术类英语写作中很基础也是很重要的一部分，却也是很多学生容易出错的地方，下面给大家整理了一些写作常见语法错误，希望同学们有则改之无则加勉~

一． 句子结构不完整

很多同学写句子，特别是长句子时，往往写后忘前，导致句子缺少谓语等成分。

e.g, 

1. Ten boys playing football.

错误原因：这个句子中缺少谓语动词

正确表达 Ten boys are playing football.

2. Because air pollution is harmful to human health.

错误原因：在正式文体中because引导的句子，只能用作分句，不能单独使用。

正确表达：Because air pollution is harmful to human health, all men must have the awareness of protecting environment.

二． 逗号分割句子

逗号是同学们在写作中最喜欢使用的一种标点符号，但句子和句子之间并不都适合用逗号隔开，不恰当的使用逗号会造成错误。

e.g. The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May, this increased to 5 in June.

错误原因：逗号前后分别有两个带有主谓结构的句子，这是逗号的一种误用。

正确表达：

1. 将逗号改为分号

The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May; this increased to 5 in June.

2. 使用连词解决

The number of cars decreased from 10 to 20 units between April and May, and this increased to 5 in June.

三． 缺少标点符号

与逗号分隔句子相反，该用标点符号的时候却没有使用也是不正确的。

e.g. In the past she worked in foreign company.

错误原因：时间、地点等状语放在句首需要用逗号隔开。

正确表达：In the past, she worked in foreign company.

四． 衔接词逻辑错误

不用衔接词或不恰当的使用衔接词都是同学们在写作中常见的一种错误。

e.g. Frank was a famous orator, and he was most famous for his discovery of e-bike.

错误原因：这句话前后应该是转折关系，连接词却使用了and。

正确表达：Frank was a famous orator, but he was most famous for his discovery of e-bike.

五． 指代模糊

代词的使用可以提高文章的连贯与衔接，但同学们在使用时往往忽略了使用的恰当性，经常出现指代不清等问题。

e.g. 

1.  When Ronnie declared himself to Jack, he was aghast.

错误原因：这个句子的he指代Ronnie还是Jack, 指名不清。

正确原因：Ronnie declared himself to Jack, who was aghast.

2. Riding a new bike, the dog chased him a mile.

错误原因：根据这个句子的语法结构，意思应该是“狗骑着新车追了他一英里。” 显然不合乎逻辑。

正确原因：When he rode a new bike, the dog chased him a mile.

六． 主动语态和被动语态混用

在一个句子表达中，应该避免主动语态和被动语态混用，还要保持时态一致。

e.g. We could hear raucous sounds from the party as the house was approached.

错误原因：主句是主动语态，从句是被动语态

正确表达：We could hear raucous sounds from the party as we approached the house.

七． 时态混用错误

由于中文在表达时动词是没有时态的变化的，所以学生们有时会无意识地出现这方面的错误。

e.g. I went into the room, closed the door, and go to bed.

错误原因：这个句子前两个动词都是过去式，最hou一个动词用了现在时，显然是时态不统一的。

正确表达：I went into the room, closed the door, and went to bed.

八． 主谓不一致

同学们都知道主语单数，谓语也是单数；主语复数谓语要用复数，但在实际写作时往往会弄错主语而导致表述错误。

e.g. 

1. A child who enjoys outdoor activities are healthier.

错误原因：这句话的主语是a child, 而不是outdoor activities, 所以谓语要用单数形式。

正确表达：A child who enjoys outdoor activities is healthier.

2. One of these problems have been solved.

错误原因：这句话的主语是one, 而不是these problems, 所以谓语要用单数形式。

正确表达：One of these problems has been solved.