一招制敌的托福听力攻略（上）

听力大家的问题都有哪些，无非是： 1. 语速太快，跟不上 2. 考点错过 笔记看不清楚 3. 文章层次不清晰 外加生词，长难句以及不会不会记笔记，还有Imply推断题太难，想起来就头大… 这里我们把所有的考点出题点做了整理，叫做，听力一招制敌的办法，我们分为两篇文章推送给大家，现在是前半招，是“十大出题点”中的六个最常见的，适合基础阶段学生，拿走不谢！！

考点一：主旨题

1 开头部分-顺承+相反

顺承关系：Now, we’ve been talking about the loss of animal habitat from housing developments, uh …, growing cities – small habitat losses. But today I wanna begin talking about what happens when habitat is reduced across a large area.  

这里说的是动物栖息地小范围的减少，今天要讲一下栖息地大范围的减少。

相反关系：Last week, we talked about some arguments against going back to the moon, but there are compelling reasons in favor of another moon landing too. 

这里上周说的是反对再次月球登陆，而这周要讲的是一些赞同月球登陆的原因。

2 重点语句

（1）Now, even though it may be difficult to understand how a huge mass of ice can move or flow, it’s another word for it, it’s really no secret that the glaciers flow, because of gravity. But, how they flow, the way they flow needs some explaining.

1.What is the lecture mainly about?

A. Explanations of how glaciers move

B. Landscape changes caused by glacial movement

C. Climate changes that influence glacial movement

D. Causes of glacial formation  

（2）As geologists, we examine layers of sediment on the Earth’ s surface to

approximate the dates of past geologic time periods. Ah sediment as you

know I s material like sand , gravel, fossil fragments that is transported by

natural processes like win d , water flow or the movement of glaciers .

So sediment is transported and then deposited and it forms layers on the

Earth ’ s surface over time. We examine these layers to learn about

different 

二、考点二，细节题—专有名词及其解释

1.  Now, the first type of the glacier flow is called: basal slip. Basal slip or sliding as it’s often called, basically refers to the slipping or sliding of a glacier across bedrock, actually across the thin layer of water on top of the bedrock. 

2. This kind of behavior, this doing something that seems completely out of place, is what we call a ‘Displacement Activity’. Displacement activities are activities that animals engaging when they have conflicting drives.

Known as/ referred to as…

三、句子功能题—举例

1 for example, for instance, something like,无

（1）What’s interesting is that studies have been done that suggest that the animal’s environment may play a part in determining what kind of behavior it displays. For example, there’s a bird, the ‘wood thrush’,……

（2） absence of direct response 

Female student: But will it be long term? I mean maybe the shrubs will be

abundant for a few years, and then it'll change back to tundra. 

Lecturer: Well, shrub expansion has occurred in other environments, like

semiarid grassland, and tall grass prairies. And shrub expansion in these

environments does seem to persist, almost to the point of causing a shift.

Why does the professor mention shrub expansion in other places like semiarid grassland?

考点四、问答—互动（重听题）

（1）. Now, these displacement activities can include feeding, drinking, grooming, even sleeping. These are what we call ‘Comfort Behavior’. So why do you think displacement activities are so often comfort behaviors, such as grooming?

According to the lecture, what is one possible reason that displacement activities are often grooming behaviors?

（2） .What he did was, after an initial trial period of mixed classes, he changed the schools policy. He completely separated the man and woman students.

Stu: Any reason why he did that?

Pro: Well. Like I said Julian was a brilliant business man, with progressive ideas.

2、What point does the professor make about Julian when he mentions that Julian’s art school offered some classes only for women?

注意回答！！！

考点五、态度题--professor主观评价

（1）Now, I’d like to touch briefly on extension and compression. Your textbook includes these as types, as a particular type of glacier movement, but you will see that there are …as many textbooks that omit it as a type of movement as include it. And I might not include it right now, if it weren’t in your textbook.

What does the professor say about extension and compression?

（2）The group believed its effort is justified, but I and many other biologists will be watching very closely how this maverick group makes out, because like I said, there could be unintended consequences.

What is the professor’s opinion toward assisted migration?

考点六、结尾部分

结尾部分不做赘述，留给好学的你们，赶紧做几个题，你们就知道结尾有多么重要，出题频率有多么高发！！

出题点

Ø1 开头

Ø2结尾

Ø3专有名词-举例

Ø4问答

Ø5比较

Ø6评价

Ø7因果

Ø8转折

Ø9强调

Ø10过程

重中之重！

Imply

Multiple choice

process

preview

1 back ground information

2  structure/ logic

3 note taking