托福阅读这七个答案出没的地方你知道吗？

考试中，你在一字一句地仔细阅读，费时费神，到第二篇就元气大伤，第三篇已经气若游丝，如遇到加试，只能奉上自己的膝盖。可你知道有的人却能四两拨千斤吗？原本解题已经因为题目本身就定位到段落而让考生不用再每道题目都全文搜索而变得简单了很多，但对于很多考生来说，阅读依然是个说起来简单，做起来难的单项。那是因为你不知道重点在哪里！真正的高手是可以预测出题的点，从而知道行文中哪里是答案，哪句应该着重理解，哪些句子可以一眼带过。均匀分配精力绝对不是高手的做法。在抓住题目的定位词的同时，如果对于出题点又烂熟于心的话，解题就宛如成竹在胸。

那么哪些是容易出题的点呢？ 

1.定义之处

下定义的对象即为本段乃至全文的重点概念，所以常作为考点所在。下定义的方式最简单的即通过BE动词来说明，有时候也用上直接的define。

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第1段Play is easier to define with examples than with concepts. In any case, in animals it consist of leaping, running, climbing, throwing, wrestling, and other movements, either along, with objects , or with other animals.

2题：According to paragraph 2, which of the following presents a particular challenge to researchers who study play behavior in animals?

2.强调住处

强调的句子本来就是明显的重点，不出题，说不过去哇。 

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第6段…Learning appropriate social behaviors is especially important for species that live in groups, like young monkeys that needed to learn to control selfishness and aggression and to understand the give-and-take involved in social groups. 

9题：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. 

3.转折之处

通过表示对比的转折连词however/but/yet/whereas…带出重点。

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第5段…Prey species, like young deer or goats, for example, typically play by performing sudden flight movements and turns, whereas predator species, such as cats, practice stalking, pouncing, and biting. 

7题：According to paragraph 5, why might play behavior of prey species be different from those of predator species? 

4.发现、结果、观点之处

托福文章中有多有列举的研究或实验。研究者的发现或者实验的结果都是常考点，常用show /reveal/find that/according to sb带出重要结果。

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第4段… At the end of the experiments, the results showed that the actual weight of the brains of the impoverished rats was less than that of those raised in the enriched environment. Other studies also have shown that greater stimulation not only affects the size of the brain but also increase the number of connections between the nerve cells.

6题：Paragraph 4 supports which of the following statements about an animal’s brain.

5.举例之处

通过例子来说明主旨，或者重要观点是最常见的论述手法。通常例子本身的那句，或者例子所说明的前一句是答案所在。常见的举例词汇for example/for instance/such as…

案例，同上一点-转折之处。

6.并列或分类之处

本来就是国外考试常考点，加上托福阅读还有个专门的排除题，绝对是阅读时不能错过的地方。如以下连词moreover/also/in addition/furthermore… 

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第3段的结构典型的并列结构，通过并列连词来说明第一句主旨句。Play is not without considerable costs to the individual animal. Play is usually very active, involving movement in space and, at times, noisemaking. Therefore, it results in the loss of fuel or energy that might better be used for growth or for building up fat stores in a young animal. Another potential cost of this activity is greater exposure to predators since play is attention-getting behavior. Great activities also increase the risk of injury in slipping or falling. 

4题：According to paragraph 3, each of the following is a cost to animals that engage in play EXCEPT。解题的时候每读一个并列的细节描述就可以逐一对照四个选项。

7.因果关系

原因和结果都是爱考点。常用的因果连词有therefore/consequently/because of/for the reason/thus/hence/due to/owing to/so/accordingly/thanks to…

托福线上练习30-THE ROLE OF PLAY –

第2段的最后一句Determining the functions of play is difficult because the functions may belong-term, with beneficial effects not showing up until the animal’s adulthood.

2题：According to paragraph 2, which of the following presents a particular challenge to researchers who study play behavior in animals?

以上七种即为托福阅读常见的考点所在，在扫读原文的同时，重点理解以上七处，必定能够节省很多精力，毕竟托福阅读是个力气活呀！

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