托福TPO39听力Lecture真题解析

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首写字母，就是托福在线练习的意思，TPO可以为考生提供全真的模拟考试环境和过往真题，而TPO题库也是有着不断的更新。在托福听力备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福听力能力，选择好适合的练习材料是个非常重要的环节。而对于很多备考托福的学生来说，TPO往往就是一个首先的备考材料。今天，小编就为大家带来托福TPO39听力Lecture真题解析。

托福TPO39听力Lecture1  【在线咨询】

1. What does the professor mainly discuss?1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?
A. To explain how geologists identified the minerals present during Earth's formation.
B. To explain why living organisms require certain minerals to survive.
C. To explain the differences between simple and compound minerals.
D. To explain a recent theory about mineral formation.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：A basic question of geology is how all these new minerals came into being. Well, recent studies have turned to biology to try to explain how this happens. 这里开头直接明确点出了讲座的主题，就是讲解新的矿物是怎么形成的。最近有一个研究可以解释它的产生。选项D符合这一句的意思。其余三个选项不符合。选择D。

2. What point does the professor make about the minerals present during Earth's formation?
A. They were comparatively few of them.
B. They were more complex than minerals formed on other planets.
C. Most were not affected by temperature and pressure changes on early earth.
D. Some of them are no longer being formed naturally on Earth.
答案：A选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Since Earth formed some four and a half billion years ago, the number of minerals here has increased dramatically, from a few dozen relatively simple minerals early on to over 4,300 kinds of minerals we can identify today, many of them wonderfully complex. 这里教授说在地球的形成过程中，矿物质的数量急剧增加，从仅仅实际中简单矿物质一直增长到今天的超过四千三百中，很多现在的矿物质组成复杂。所以以前的矿物质数量比较少。选项A正确。其余三个选项没有依据。选择A。

3. What similarities does the professor point out between minerals and living organisms?
Click on 2 answers
A. Both first appeared on Earth at approximately the same time.
B. They both can be formed only in the presence of oxygen.
C. They both have become more diverse and complex over time.
D. Not only are they both shaped by their environment, but both also affect it.
答案：CD选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
And when environments become more complex, as tends to happen over time, those earlier adaptations, those variations, become the basis of yet other combinations and variations, and lead to ever more diverse and complex forms of life.

Living organisms not only adapt to their environment, but also affect it, change the environment within which other organisms may then develop.这两处分别说了矿物质进化的两个特点。第一个是越进化越复杂，第二个是有机物不仅仅单纯适应环境，还改造环境，让环境变得更易于它们生存。选项C和选项D分别对应以上两点。其余两个选项没有相应依据。双选CD。

4. What are stromatolites?
A. Fossils remains of microbial mats.
B. Layered deposits of iron-based minerals.
C. Layers of rock that indicate changes in Earth's pressure and temperature.
D. Rock formations created when oxygen interacts with certain metals.
答案：A选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Stromatolites look like wavy layers of sedimentary rock, but they are really fossils, fossils of the waste from microbial mats. 这里说stromatolites看起来像是沉积岩层的波动层，但是其实是真的微生物垫的化石。选项A明显符合题意。其余三个选项不符合。选择A。

5. Why does the professor talk about microbial mats?
A. To explain why organisms tend to colonize near certain minerals.
B. To describe how minerals can be created by living organisms.
C. To illustrate the effects of geological processes on living organisms.
D. To emphasize that evolving life depended on the presence of oxygen.
答案：B选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
Microbial masts are vast colonies of one-celled organisms that were once the most prevalent form of life on Earth. And the study of stromatolites indicates that these ancient microbial masts interacted with minerals in the environment and left behind new compounds as waste products.
这里进一步说明了微生物垫是什么，它是一种巨大的单细胞有机物的集合，这种生物曾经在地球上占据主导地位。对于这种生物的研究告诉我们，这些古代的微生物垫会和环境中的矿物质相互作用，形成新的化合物。这也就说明了矿物质怎么形成新生物。选项B符合。其余三个选项不符。选择B。

6. What does the professor think about using evidence of minerals on another planet to determine life has existed there?
A. He believes it is the most promising way to search life on another planet.
B. He doubts that complex minerals will ever be found on another planet.
C. He is cautious about assuming that certain minerals indicate the presence of life.
D. He is surprised that the technique was not suggested until recently.
答案：C选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
But you might be interested to know that this concept of mineral evolution is being used in the search for evidence of life on other planets. The thinking is that if certain minerals occur here on Earth, as a result of a biological process, and if we also find those same minerals on another planet, this would suggest that life may have once existed there!
But just because a particular mineral is found on, say Mars or Venus, we really shouldn't assume that whatever caused it to turn up there, must be the same process that formed that mineral here on Earth.
讲座最后这两段说明，教授认为如果我们在外星球发现矿物质的存在，就可以推测外星球上也有生命存在。但是他接着说，也正是因为某种特定的矿物质在火星上或者金星上被发现，我们也不应该假设让它出现在那里的就肯定是跟地球一样的生命。所以教授对于通过检测矿物质存在来推测生命存在的理论还是比较谨慎的。选项C符合。其余三个选项则不符。选择C。

托福TPO39听力Lecture2  【在线咨询】

1. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. The effects of ethnographic films on the communities being studied.
B. The process of making a community-determined film.
C. The topics typically discussed in community-determined films.
D. The efforts of filmmakers to record in their own communities.
答案：B选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Let's look at a particularly effective approach to ethnographic film-making, which was developed in the 1970s. This particular style of ethnographic filmmaking is called the community-determined approach.
这里明确点出了这个讲座的主旨，就是关于民族生态学电影制作的介绍。这种的电影制作方法也被称为是基于种族群落的方法。选项B符合原文意思。其他三个选项不符合。选择B。

2. What is one way ethnographers try to gain a community's interest in participating in a film?
A. They visit regularly to discuss any concerns.
B. They send letters describing the purpose of the film.
C. They research the history of the community.
D. They show a film about another community.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：A film if available is shown to the village council so that they get an idea of the experience of another community.这里指出了电影制作人如何让部落的人们愿意拍摄电影，那就是给他们看别的部落拍摄的电影成品，让他们有兴趣来参与。选项D正确。其余三个选项则不符合原文意思。选择D。

3. What does the professor imply about the role of the village council members?
A. They decide whether or not a film will be made.
B. They make sure all community members appear in the film.
C. They prefer to do most of the interviewing themselves.
D. They are generally not involved in the filmmaking process.
答案：A选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：After the meeting, the filmmakers leave and the village council is given all the time they need to think about what was discussed. Later, if the village council members are interested, they send a letter or call. 在会议之后，电影制作者离开村庄，选择权就被交给了村庄的议会，他们可以尽情讨论答不答应。如果决定参与的话，他们再给电影制作者打电话或者写信。村委会决定了是不是拍摄这种电影。选项A正确。其余三个选项则没有原文依据。选择A。

4. According to the lecture, why do ethnographers live within the community they are filming?
Click on 2 answers
A. To teach filmmaking techniques to the community members.
B. To earn the trust of the community members.
C. To learn about daily life in the community.
D. To reduce the cost of travel to the community.
答案：BC选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
Student:The filmmakers could get a more realistic sense of the pace of life in that community? Uh, its daily rhythm?
………
Professor:Exactly, trust is established and relationships are built first.
这里分别说了两个电影拍摄者住在拍摄地的好处，一个是近距离感受村庄的生活节奏，第二个是可以跟村民建立信任的良好关系。选项B和选项C分别对应这两点。其余两个选项则没有对应原文。双选BC。

5. What does the professor imply about the interview process?
A. It is the most time-consuming part of the filmmaking project.
B. It results in the most interesting scenes in community-determined films.
C. It does not give the filmmakers enough control over the finished product.
D. It is to a large extent controlled by the community members.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
So, for instance, the community, not the filmmakers, decide who is to be interviewed for the films. Control of the interview is in the interviewee's hands. If the person being interviewed says to stop at any time, the recording stops…….
这里说明了拍摄的主动权掌握在被拍摄的村民手里，而不是拍摄者。村民说停，拍摄就停了。选项D符合原文意思。其余三个选项不符。选择D。

6. What do the speakers suggest are two shortcomings of community-determined films?
Click on 2 answers
A. They are often expensive to produce.
B. They are too long for most audiences to enjoy.
C. They do not translate people's exact words.
D. They rarely contain all the scenes to community wants.
答案：AC选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
Student:Wow, this seems like a long process. It must cost a fortune.
Professor:It does. Even with a small film crew any project as involved as this is bound to.
………
Professor:Yeah, a word for word translation could become too complicated or it'd go by too fast on the screen.
这里讲到了这种基于社区的电影制作的两个特点，一个是cost a fortune太贵了，还有一个就是translation become complicated翻译很复杂。分别对应选项A和选项C。其余两个选项没有依据。双选AC。

托福TPO39听力Lecture3  【在线咨询】

1. What does the professor mainly discuss?
A. Thoreau's use of train metaphors.
B. Thoreau's complex attitude toward trains.
C. Events that inspired Thoreau to write his book Walden.
D. Reasons that Thoreau's book Walden was popular in the nineteenth century.
答案：B选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Narrator:Listen to part of the lecture in a literature class. The professor is discussing Henry David Thoreau.这篇讲座的主旨有点难以总结，但是开头narrator的话就明确告诉我们是讲一个人Thoreau。结合全部讲座我们可以知道，这篇讲座就是讲了这个人对于火车的各种观点。选项B正确。其余三个选项不符合原文意思。选择B。

2. In Walden, Thoreau describes some benefits of trains. What benefits does the professor mention?
Click on 2 answers
A. Trains helped people feel more connected to their national culture.
B. Trains made life more convenient for many people.
C. Trains stimulated the imagination in new ways.
D. Trains cost less to use than other modes of transportation.
答案：BC选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Thoreau himself praised trains for changing the way people experience their own bodies, for stirring the imagination in new ways.
Thoreau also associates trains with commerce and trade. Though his attitudes toward commerce are complicated, he credits trains for delivering goods that feed and clothe society, things that improve human life.
这里讲到了Thoreau人为火车具有的两个优点。一个是激发了人的想象，还有就是促进了商业发展，因为火车可以运输各种物资来改善人的生活。选项B和选项C分别对应这两个优点。其余两个则没有原文依据。双选BC。

3. According to Thoreau, what is the relationship trains and nature?
A. Trains can distort passengers' perceptions of nature.
B. Trains make the landscape more visually interesting.
C. Trains can transport people to natural settings.
D. Trains cause damage to the environment.
答案：A选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：He points out that riding on trains distorts people's experiences of the natural world. Trees, wild life, landscapes just zip right past you and this is a real problem for him.这里提到了Thoreau认为坐火车可以扭曲人对于自然世界的感觉。他觉得坐在火车上，飞逝的树木，野生动物和景色会飞速地略过人，这样会他造成困扰。选项A符合。其余三个选项不符。选择A。

4. According to the lecture, what point does Thoreau emphasize about trains and the penny press?
A. Penny-press publications were read by average citizens, but trains were used mainly by the wealthy
B. Trains delivered penny-press publications to a broad national audience.
C. Both trains and the penny press threatened people's individualism.
D. Both trains and the penny press enhanced people's understanding of the world.
答案：C选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：He worries about people no longer thinking for themselves and uncritically accepting all this cheap popular literature and the trivial details of the news. 这里Thoreau认为，人们在火车和penny press出现以后会根据这些现代发明来决定自己的生活节奏，进而失去自我。选项C符合题意。其余三个选项不合适。选择C。

5. What does the professor imply when he discusses modern technology?
A. It is better to wait until a new technology is perfected before adopting it.
B. A new technology that has more disadvantages than advantages is unlikely to succeed.
C. People are more skeptical of new technology now than in Thoreau's time.
D. People should consider possible negative consequences of a new technology before adopting it.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：When there is a new invention, a new computer or a mobile phone technology, some new gadget, there is a tendency to think that we need to have that thing, just as people were doing in the nineteenth century with respect to railroads. Accepting them as a necessity without considering the possible negative consequences or trade-offs that can flow from them.这里教授讲了自己对于现代发明的态度，他认为当新发明出现，我们会很急迫的不加甄别地觉得自己非常需要也拥有一个，没有考虑它们会带来的负面影响就接受这些新发明。教授对此持否定态度。选项D正确。其余三个选项不符原文。选择D。

6. What is the professor's opinion abbot Walden as it relates to the world today?
A. Walden is of interest mainly for its descriptions of nineteenth-century life.
B. The issues that Walden addresses remain relevant today.
C. Mass transportation has changed too much for Walden to be relevant today.
D. Walden correctly predicted that trains would be replaced by other technologies.
答案：B选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：So this is one way to think about Thoreau's text, not just as an important book in its time, for what it tells us about the nineteenth century, but also as a text that can teach us certain things about ourselves in contemporary society.教授在这里说，我们不仅要吧Thoreau的书单纯当做当时的一本书，而是要从中吸取经验教训，并运用到当代社会。所以这本书和现在的某些问题还是有关系的。选项B符合。其余三个选项则不合适。选择B。

托福TPO39听力Lecture4  【在线咨询】 

1. What is the discussion mainly about?
A. Advantages of cellulose over traditional sources of fuel.
B. A recent study about microorganisms that process cellulose.
C. Some newly discovered characteristics of cellulose.
D. Challenges involved in converting cellulose into fuel.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Professor:Your reading for today's class was about potential alternative sources of energy. So one thing I want to do today is consider one of those potential energy sources: cellulose.开头明确给出了这个讲座要讲的东西：一种潜在的能源来源——纤维素。结合后文我们知道纤维素有巨大的生成乙醇的潜力，但是转化很费钱，暂时还是不能投入使用。选项D符合。其余三个选项不符。选择D。

2. According to the speakers, why is cellulose such a significant potential source of energy?
A. Because it is so abundant in nature.
B. Because it is so easily created in a lab.
C. Because its enzymes have so many uses.
D. Because it can be processed in just a few steps.
答案：A选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：Professor:Good. It's also a potential tremendous source of energy in part because there's so much of it.这里明确点出了为什么纤维素在产生能源方面潜力巨大，因为它产量非常丰富。选项A正确。其余三个选项原文中没有依据。选择A。

3. What is the professor's opinion about corn-based ethanol?
A. She thinks using it in motor vehicles may harm the environment.
B. She thinks it is not an energy-efficient alternative to gasoline.
C. She thinks it will eventually become cheaper to produce.
D. She thinks researchers should invest more in its development.
答案：B选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：The problem is that the amount of energy we get from corn-based ethanol isn't much more than the amount of energy that gets put into making it. So it's not really worth it.这里教授指出了纤维素是可以制造乙醇，但是需要投入进去的能量跟制造出来的乙醇可以提供的能量是差不多的。所以感觉不值。选项B说教授认为这不是一个制造汽油的经济的选择，正确。其余三个选项不合适。选择B。

4. The professor describes the current method for producing cellulose ethanol. What are the two important steps she mentions?
Click on 2 answers
A. Yeast is added to cellulose to create an enzyme.
B. An enzyme breaks down cellulose into sugars.
C. Microorganisms ferment sugars into alcohol.
D. Ethanol is extracted from certain microorganisms.
答案：BC选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：
See? Currently there are two key steps in the process.
The first is breaking the cellulose down into sugars. This is done with an enzyme, a specific type of protein. And second, after the enzyme has broken down the cellulose, yeast and other microorganisms, microbes are added to ferment those sugars into cellulosic ethanol.
这里原文中有明确的提示。制造乙醇有两个步骤。先把纤维素用酶分解成糖，再加进去酵母和其他的微生物来把这些糖类发酵成乙醇。分别对应选项B和选项C。其余两个选项则没有原文依据。双选BC。

5. What does the professor imply about a superbug?
Click on 2 answers
A. It will be an altered version of a naturally occurring organism.
B. It was discovered as a result of looking for new sources of cellulose.
C. It may contribute to the development of an efficient way to produce ethanol
D. It may produce many kinds of alternative fuels.
答案：AC选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：The goal, which seems to definitely be within reach, is to design an engineer, a superbug, a specific kind of microbe, that makes cheap, commercial production of cellulosic ethanol a really possibility.这里教授提到，有一种成功率比较大的办法是去设计一种超级细菌，这种细菌可以让低成本的纤维素乙醇生产变成有可能。选项A和选项C符合原文意思。其余两个选项则不符。双选AC。

6. Why does the professor says this:
A. To emphasize the necessity of working to preserve rare species.
B. To suggest that the company will never find what it is looking for.
C. To emphasize that bacteria that break down cellulose are too rare to be useful.
D. To indicate that she endorses the company's strategy.
答案：D选项正确

解析：本题的出题点在于：I mean, the best key to unlocking the power of cellulose may well lie in a rare species of bacteria or yeast in a jungle somewhere.这里教授提到，可能最好的转化纤维素的办法就是去找到一种稀少的细菌或者酵母，可以高效率低成本地把纤维素变成乙醇。后面教授接着讲了一个公司的做法，公司就是在尝试改造一种酶，试着改造它的特性来符合生产。说明教授赞成公司的做法。选项D正确。其余三个选项不合适。选择D。

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