最近的作文批改当中经常发现同学们用词、句型单一，文章冗长却缺乏生机。而新托福独立写作评分标准中一条明显的要求即“syntactic variety”－ 句型多样性。无疑，考生对多样词组、句型的适当把握，是获得高分的必要条件之一。下面本文就如何增添写作句子色彩，简单列举两类。
1. 学会使用it 句型
学生作文中最常见的是建议类 “people should do…”，好一点的有”people are supposed to do…”，用多了主谓宾的结构，难免单调，不妨转换思维，尝试“it is necessary for people to do…”“it is reasonable for people to do…”“it is significant for people to do”, 感觉文章明显生动了。例如：it is necessary for the authority to raise the public awareness of environmental protection. (当局应该加强大众的环境保护意识)
类似的it 句型列举如下：
It is a fact that …事实上……
It is common knowledge that… 是常识……
It is a question that … 是个问题……
It is certain that …肯定的是……
It is clear/ evident/ apparent that …清楚/明显是……
It is likely that …很有可能……
It is better that …最好……
It is natural that …很自然的是……
It is rare that…很少见的是……
2. 状语前置
状语前置就是把一个由副词、介词、现在分词或者动词不定式形成的小短语放在句首。这在美式文章中非常常见，很具有情景化，也是使句子跳跃的好方法。例如：
Clearly, this is a more positive alternative for motivating parents and children. （很明显，有更正面的方法去激励家长和小孩。）
Undoubtedly, computers have changed the way individuals interact with each other in American society. （毫无疑问，在美国社会电脑已经改变了人与人交流的方式。）
Not surprisingly, adolescents who are under constant stress in their studies tend to develop behavioral problems. （不出所料，学习压力繁重下的青少年往往会有行为问题。）
3. 被动语态
被动语态是很常见的美式写作习惯，但中文里没有这样的语言现象，也常常被学生忽视。简单地说，美式写作常常“被动表主动”。例如：
It has been confirmed by scientists that prolonged exposure to high levels of noise in modern cities can lead to hearing loss and high blood pressure. （科学家确定长时间接触都市噪音会导致听力缺失和高血压）＊
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It has been proved that... 已证明……
It must be pointed out that... 必须指出的是……
It is commonly believed that... 人们认为……
It is demanded that... 按要求……
It is suggested that... 按建议…
希望能给同学们思路上的启发，在托福写作的路上取得更高分数。
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