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一、托福口语分类
托福的口语部分也可以分为independent task和integrated task.因为task1和task2基本属于personal reference,而task3-task6都不同程度上结合了listening,reading, speaking这三个方面,所以把这四道题归为integrated task。
因为托福口语允许做笔记,所以能否在自己的笔记中最大限度且全面地记录listening中的关键信息,就直接地关系到考试的得分。而在每一个task中做的笔记内容都有所不同,比如前两个task主要记得是一些重要的动宾结构,来帮助自己组织句子。而task3-task6则是记录更多的听到和读到的信息,比如听到的主语名词,谓语动词等,有些听力较弱的同学在后面的综合题中基本是听到什么记什么。
二、托福口语备考误区
阅读部分:
(1)盲目地记录一些文章细节,而忽略了对文章整体架构和主要信息的把握。
(2)缺乏对文章内容进行归纳总结的能力,把握不住文章的重点。
(3)不能通过阅读短文从而找出接下来要陈述时所能扩展的点或者说是可以说的点。
听力部分:
(1)在这部分中,大家好走两个极端路线,一是对主体解释的理论部分作了过多的陈述,二是对文章举例部分描述太多,没有把这两个部分的比例合理安排好。
(2)速记的能力有待提高,而且本身考试的时间也很有限。
(3)考前没有做充足的准备,没有有计划地进行相关针对性练习,所以导致对题型不了解或者是做题速度上不去。
(4)有的考生本身的听力、语法、词汇的基础就比较弱,缺乏听力的技巧,譬如对signal words所透露的关键信息的把握。
三、托福口语备考建议:
(1) Independent task
我在这里建议大家在做笔记时从以下三个方面进行记录:topic主旨、sub-points or supporting details分论点、signal words or transitions信号词。
下面通过一个具体的例题来说明。
Question: Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important.Please include specific details in your explanation.
Topic: library
Sub-point: read,study, rest, appointment
Signal words:firstly, secondly, moreover, the last but not the least
结合起来的笔记方法就是
Library
1. Read
2. Study
3. Rest
4. Environment
Sample answer:
A library is the most important place for me. I usually go to library twice a week. Firstly, I can read a lot of books for free in the library. Secondly, I can study there because it is a quiet place. Moreover, library is also a good place for me to have a rest,because no one bothers you there. The last but not the least, the library provides a wonderful environment for lovers to make an appointment. My parents had such experience!
(2)Integrated task
我建议大家在做这部分笔记时无论是阅读部分还是听力部分,都从主题topic、事例example、信号词transitions这三面来把握。
下面我们同样通过一个例题来说明。
Bus Service Elimination Planned
The University has decided to discontinue its free bus service for students. The reasongiven for this decision is that few students ride the buses andthe buses are expensive to operate. Currently, the buses run from the center of campus past university buildings and through some of the neighborhoods surrounding the campus. The money saved by eliminating the bus service will be used to expand the overcrowded student parking lots.
以上为综合例题的阅读部分,听力由于很长这里就不列举出来了。在阅读时首先大家要把我们上面说的这三个部分标示出来,如上面所示。至于听力部分我这里只想强调一点,大家一定要提高对信号词的敏感度,通过信号词的指引来掌握材料的关键信息。只有平常多做练习,才能从根本上提高你分辨提取重要信息的能力。
Sample answer:
The university is planning to eliminate its free bus service, because only few students use it and the school can use the money saved to expand parking lots.
In the conversation, the man disagrees with the university’s plan. First of all, he thinks the reason that few students take the bus is because the route is out-of-date, it only goes through the areas that are too expensive for students to live. Instead of eliminating the bus service, the university should change the bus route to where more students live.
Second, he thinks that more student will drive if the university used the saved money to build more parking lots, and that will create more traffic problem and increase the noise level on campus.
(3)除了要提高对信号词的敏感度,在平常学习时也要有目的地多积累储备一些信号词,因为这些词的正确使用不仅可以使你的口语表达更有条理、更加连贯,而且运用在写作中也可以起到同样的作用,何乐而不为呢?
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