2014年11月15日托福写作考前预测

2014年11月15日托福综合写作考前预测

1.

Reading: 3 ways to make coal burning more environmentally friendly.

1. Coal burning can be more efficient by using new technology such as high pressure.

2. Coal washing can remove sulfide and other chemicals.

3. Carbon recapture and storage. Recycle CO2 and deposit them in the sea.

Listening: 反对：

1. Population will increase by 13% in next full years but the efficiency can only increase by 10% with the new technology. Demand of energy increase will compensate the saved amount of the increasing efficiency.

2. Coal washing transfer the pollution from the air to the ocean.

3. Carbon recapture will be very expense and risky. If the carbon leaks out, it will be very dangerous both for the environment and human being.

2.

Reading: mercury牙医用来repair牙齿的一种物质。阅读说应该被禁止。

1. 影响健康。里面有种物质吸收后会影响central nerve system带来一系列病。

2.环境问题。诊所里用完后冲走进入江河湖海，会造成环境污染威胁wildlife。

3. 可以代替的材料。有很多材料可以代替她，像陶瓷，金什么的。

Listening: 反对：

1. 它只有很少的量被人体吸收。不会带来什么大问题。有些人有问题是他们过敏，然后这种过敏的比例很小。

2. 有一种device, S开头的，可以COLLECT这些solids所以不会带来这些问题。

3. 这种材料持续时间长效果好，其他材料不能代替。像金。太贵了。

3.

Reading: verifications of forts built in the Scotland的三个theory：

1. 与宗教活动religious ceremonial rituals有关，verifications代表了一种Superpower, 可以带来benefits；

2. 因为attacker的fire; 当attacker的flaming arrows射进forts, 里面起支撑作用的木头燃烧起来了，结果就vitrified了；

3. 当时的builders故意为之，因为vitrified之后forts更加坚固。

Listening: 逐一反驳：

1. 不可能是religious, 因为900CE时建造的，那时已经是基督教，然而基督教没有认为玻璃很重要；

2. 火烧的温度太低，不可能达到verifications的degree, 要玻璃化必须要1000℃的高温，而且要持续燃烧，然而那些火器烧木头达不到这个温度而且也不持续，所以不可能；

3. 不坚固，因为玻璃虽然硬，但是反而更脆弱，而事实上flexible的更好，比如说loosen的石头堆的堡垒更牢固，因为他们可以bend a little,可以reduce attack, 所以不是用来故意strengthen的。

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4.

Reading: 阅读说在Rhone river发现了一个bust,说这个bust就是Caesar,是罗马的一个leader.

1. 那个bust（a kind of sculpture) 是realism地形式表现 然后Caesar的时代也是realism的时代。

2. bust的hair的表现 和真实的Caesar一致 （跟money有关）

3. 因为是在river里发现,以前人们想销毁它,,有新的leader上任,留着它是不respect.

Listening: 反驳阅读论点

1. Realism continues after Caesar died.

2. Only the style of hair matches, other features do not match at all.

3. There were others sculpture also found in that river, and they were right added that bust. And throwing it into river, just aiming to dispose the trash.

5.

Reading:一些高中要求学生们每周做两小时志愿者。文章觉得这样是没有用的，因为：

1. 学生们可以取巧，在自己的家长或者祖父母那里干活然后作为汇报；

2. 会让学生们以后远离志愿者，因为现在是学校要求，他们为了获得回报采取这么做；

3. 学校的要求是破坏学生的权利，学校没有权利强迫学生们去这样做，非法。

Listening: paragraph里面说的是没有道理的，因为：

1. 学生自己的工作汇报只是检验工作的一部分，我们和学生工作的地方的人联系，专业的机构(authority)还有官方的文件记载(official document of the city )来保证；

2. 学生们喜欢作者愿者，比如那些在医院和帮助过小孩子们的学生觉得他们的经历很好(powerful experience)，并激发他们继续做下去(motivate)；

3. 学校的要求不是破坏学生权利，如果高中能够要求学生来上数学课，那志愿者作为一门课程为什么就不能够实行呢，学生们在学校上课就要完成学校要求的课程。

6.

Reading: 讲地洞穴画, 这个洞穴画是史前人类为了保证打猎顺利而作

1. 画里有大量动物主题，而且有些是当时首要狩猎对象，所以表现的都是狩猎场景。

2. 有出现人身兽头的图象，认为是主角是猎人。

3. 史前人类作画很多时候是因为认为画有魔力，可以通过作画影响一定的现实，所以画出来的狩猎场景就是为了保证打猎顺利而作。

Listening: 反驳观点

1. 洞穴里有大量的动物主题，但也有犀牛(F..K这个我忘记怎么拼了!!!!)和猫，这两样不怎么被狩猎，还有根本就没出现reindeer，这个是那个时候最常被狩猎的动物，没有出现，所以动物主题和打猎不一定有关系。

2. 人身兽头是因为当时的人们相信他们的祖先的灵魂会附在动物身上，为了和祖先交流，他们会举办一些仪式活动，这些兽头很可能是为了这种仪式才画上去的。而且说是猎人，那么打猎的活动猎人形象应该是站着的，可是画上的人是horizontal的，所以这个解释站不住脚。

3. 动物崇拜。人们在恐惧心理和神秘感的支配下所产生的对动物的理想寄托。画上除了描绘常见动物，也有像龙和凤凰的轮廓，证明了人们描绘动物是对神的崇拜。

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7.

Reading: yellow legged frog population decline的三个原因：

1. Introduction of trout;

2. Pesticide;

3. Fungal disease.

Listening: 进行反驳：

1. Introduction happened before declined population of frog;

2. Pesticide is at the downhill, but the frog is at the uphill;

3. The skin of frog can produce chemical to protect them from infecting fungal disease.

8.

Reading: 一个什么动物在很久以前身躯很大的原因：

1. 那时候氧气含量很多。

2. plant 很多。

3. Warm climate.

Listening: 反对观点

1. 氧气含量其实比现在还少。（很多百分比，听糊涂了，这样不确定）

2. plant是很多，但是营养很少 。

3. Warm climate is actually a disadvantage, because the animal needed to cool off. More

surface area, 更容易散热；小动物体表特征大(鼻子，耳朵等)，占表面积多。

9.

Reading: Iron fertilization

1. Not efficient, in experiment, only few carbon dioxide could be absorbed.

2. Produce toxic chemical materials which will harm the local fish industry. Human beings will be harmed also if they eat those toxic fishes.

3. Cause bad impact to ocean biology system. Damage ocean’s bio-system balance.

Listening: against the reading

1. Experiment is too short, only for 1 month. Actually, the 2nd and third month, absorption of carbon dioxide will gradually increase. Most of CO2 are consumed in the last month which cannot be observed in the short experiment.

2. Only limited area will generate these toxic materials. Stop to use this method in those area then.

3. global warming’s risk is greater than Regional Ocean’s bio-system risk. So we should concern more about global warming, ignore ocean's biology system damage.

10.

Reading: 阅读关于新物种引入所带来的负面影响

1. Imported species may do harm to local ecosystem.

2. Imported species destroy the useful aspects of local species.

3. Imported species add the local economic burden.

Listening: 分别反驳三个观点

1. imported species doesn’t always do harm to local ecosystem，以agriculture为例，外来物种和本地物种杂交，提高粮食产量。

2. Imported species doesn’t always destroy the useful aspects of local species, it depends on local circumstance. 以Florida引进的toad为例虽有坏处，但还是解决了害虫问题。

3. imported species adds the local economic burden, it depends on local circumstance.以

Mesquite imported into Africa为例，food and firewood, furniture.

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关键词：11月15日 托福写作 考前预测 托福机经

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2014年11月15日托福独立写作考前预测

1. People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology designed to make our life simply actually makes our life more complicated.

3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The food we ate in the past was healthier than the food we eat today.

4. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should support artists rather than allow them to support themselves.

5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Improving schools is the most important factor in the successful development of a country.

6. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members, so there is no need for the government to help them.

7. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Having a job with a low-paying salary but that is highly secure is better than having a job with a high salary but that is easy to lose.

8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Getting advice from people who are older than you is more valuable than from people of your age.

9. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past young people depended on their parents for making decisions. Today, young people are better able to make decisions on their own.

10. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers should be paid according to how well their students perform.

11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In 20 years from now on, students will not use printed books anymore.

12. Do you agree or disagree that: spend time alone is the truly best way to relax the stress.

13. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Professional athletes who receive high salaries, such as football and basketball players, deserve what they get.

14. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teaching was a harder job in the past than it is today.

15. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most of the environmental issues are too complex today, so individuals can do nothing about them.

16. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephone has had greater effects on people’s lives than TV.

17. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not take part-time jobs when they study in university.

18. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Young people today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.

19. Should parents help their children with schoolwork or encourage them to do their schoolwork independently?

20. During times of economic crisis, which area of spending do you think the government should reduce: education, healthcare or support for the unemployed?

关键词：11月15日 托福写作 考前预测 托福机经

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