如何快速抓取听力关键词

　　常规类的雅思听力高分关键词

一、 数字

题目中出现的数字信息一般不会发生变化，例如：

剑7 TEST4 SECTION4 QUESTION32 In 1958, scientists in Japan

QUESTION33 What change occurred in the manufacture of glute-mate in 1956?

二、限定词

通常会遇到时间，地点，程度的限定。

其中时间地点限定一般不会发生变化，程度限定往往会出现同义互换，常见的有most, more than ,up to ,fewer, extremely, slightly, at least等。

例如：剑7 TEST1 SECTION2 QUESTION12

The company has most camping sites in

Anita feels that most sports coaches know nothing about the influence of handedness.

三、专有名词

专有名词指的是除了介词以外每个单词首字母都大写的这部分词，可以分为四类：

A. 人名称谓类

在学术场景中常见的称谓是考生需要会熟练拼写的，比如Support Tutor, Professor, Principal, Director of Studies

B. 地名类

例如常见街道名，包括street, avenue, lane, drive, block, road等

C. 标题类名词

如组织机构，建筑景点，学科，节假日，品牌等等，可以通过听到的called, named, known as, termed来定位

D. 星期，月份

四、特殊字体和符号内信息

特殊字体指的是黑体和粗体，特殊符号指的是括号或者引号

雅思听力高分关键词五、难词

题目中出现不熟悉的单词是非常正常的，不用担心，这些词恰恰在很多时候可以帮助我们，因为不会发生变化，只需要知道它们的大概发音，在听到时能够迅速定位就可以了。

 

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非常规类雅思听力高分关键词

一、 感情色彩类

题目中出现的例如impressed, interested, depressed, difficult, hard, against, in favor of这些含有一定感情色彩的词往往需要注意，例如：

When she Had adopted a portfolio, she found the publishers

A. more receptive to her work

B. equally cautious about her work

C. uninterested in her work

二、方式方法类

题目中出现的表示方式的词是考生需要找到作为关键词的，例如：

剑7 TEST1 SECTION2 QUESTION11 PS company has been organising holidays for

剑7 TEST3 SECTION2 QUESTION11 On the holiday, you will be walking for

When was the Braille system officially adopted

三、趋势变化类

这类关键词也可以借助笔记法，用一些表示上升或下降的符号来替代

A. 增加，上升或好转

这类词有Increase, add, more, better, improve, grow up by ……

B. 减少，下降或恶化

这类词有decrease, fewer, reduce, decline, worse, drop by……

例如剑6 TEST1 SECTION2

A. doubled in number

B. reduced in number

C. increased in size

四、结论观点类

雅思听力关键词后置

常见关键词后置分四种情况，分别为：前置定语，后置定语，主谓宾与从句。

1. 前置定语结构

前置定语在考题中出现的形式为“n. ______” 和 “adj. _______”, 即在填空前出现名词或形容词的关键词。

在录音中则经常通过修辞结构和句子结构的改变，将关键词后置。

例1：Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 3 Question 21

--Read IT ___________.

录音：look through catalogues specialised in IT.

解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把名词前置定语变成分词后置定语，完成关键词后置。

例2：Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 3 Question 30

--Excellent ___________.

录音：F: OK, any other comments?

M: I thought student support was excellent.

解析：通过句子结构的改变，完成关键词后置。

例3：Cambridge 6 Test 1 Section 3 Question 24

--Reduced ___________ for students.

录音：students pay an annual fee that’s much less than the general public pay.

解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把形容词前置定语变成从句后置定语，完成关键词后置，同时伴随reduced的同意转换。

2. 后置定语结构

后置定语在考题中出现的形式为“n. prep. ______” 和 “n. p. _______”, 即在填空前出现关键词如“名词-介词(如of, for, about, in, on, etc.)”或“名词-分词”。

在录音中则经常通过修辞结构和句子结构的改变，将名词关键词后置。

例1：Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 2 Question 15

--Will explain about arrangement for ______________ and fire exits.

录音：He will also go through the security arrangement with you and show you the fire exits.

解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把介词短语后置定语变成名词前置定语，完成关键词后置。

例2：Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 3 Question 22

--Spoken to Jane Prince

Head of the _____________.

录音：F: Jane Prince, do you know her? She’s in the Computer Centre.

M: Yes, of course, she is the new head.

解析：通过句子结构的改变，完成关键词后置。

例3： Cambridge 6 Test 1 Section 4 Question 32

--New technology allowed the production of goods made of ________ and ________

录音：The technology they introduced meant that metal and leather goods were produced there for the first time.

解析：通过修辞结构的改变，把分词后置定语变成名词前置定语，完成关键词后置。

小结：

1和2类关键词后置通常出现于Section2-4的大表格填空中。

考生须要在读题时事先判断易出现关键词后置的题目，并且对答案进行预测;而后在听题时利用预测捕捉答案，后置的关键词起确认答案的作用。

因此在平时的学习中要熟悉听力题目中常见的容易出现关键词后置的结构，培养视觉敏感度;并且熟练掌握语法上定语结构的转换。

3. 主谓宾结构

主谓宾在考题中出现的形式为“subj. pred. __________”, 即在填空前出现名词(主语)和动词(谓语)的关键词。

在录音中则经常通过主语和宾语位置的调换，以及谓语主动被动之间的转换，或者其它句式变化，将名词关键词后置。

例1：Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 2 Question 11 & 12

--Local services depart from _____________ railway station.

--National services depart from _____________ railway station.

录音：F: We’ve got two main train stations in the town. The King Street is for local commute lines and regional services.

M: What about trains to London? I’ll need to go there on business for one day.

F: Then you need to go to central station, that’s for all the national services.

解析：Q11通过主语宾语的位置调换，Q12通过句型转换，完成关键词后置。

例2：Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 2 Question 14

--The price of a first class ticket includes ____________.

录音：There’s a buffet car, though refreshments are included in the cost of a first class ticket.

解析：通过主语宾语的位置调换，完成关键词后置，伴随price-cost的同意转换。

例3：Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 4 Question 38

--The first motion picture was called The__________________.

录音：So now, there was a real possibility of having films of more than two or three minutes, and this lead to the making of The Great Train Robbery, the very first movie made.

解析：通过句型转换，完成关键词后置，伴随motion picture-movie的同意转换。

雅思听力关键词后置4. 从句结构

从句在考题中出现的形式为“……. conj. ________”, 即在填空前出现从句连接词(如when, where, because, as, if, etc.)。

在录音中则通过调换连接词前后分句的次序，将填空前的关键词后置。

例1：Cambridge 5 Test 1 Section 4 Question 36 & 37

--Research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a ________ occurs.

--It is best for women to start thinking about pensions when they are in their _______.

录音：The research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisis to make them think about their future financial situation. But of course this is the very worst time for anyone to make any important decisions. Women today need to look ahead, think ahead, not wait until they’re under pressure. Even women in their early twenties, need to think about pensions for example.

解析：通过调换从句中两个分句的位置，完成关键词后置。

例2：Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 4 Question 40

--In ancient India a man would fight a lion as a test of _____________.

录音：In ancient India, one of the greatest tests of leadership for a man was to fight a lion.

解析：通过调换从句中两个分句的位置，完成关键词后置。

3和4类关键词后置通常出现于Section2-4的句子填空中。

考生须要在读题时事先判断易出现关键词后置的题目，并且对答案进行预测;而后在听题时利用预测捕捉答案，后置的关键词起确认答案的作用。

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