托福句子简化题：平行类长句

先从一个例句看：

For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.

这个句子中句子结构及其复杂，在定语从句中有带有宾语从句，看起来内容十分类似并且难以理解。但是只要发现这个句子前半句和后半句的句子结构十分相似，发现前后半句由whereas连接，难题迎刃而解。Whereas表示然而，说明前后半句的内容在对比。这意味着对本句话进行改写时，前后半句都必须包括才算是essential information。

由此我们可以判断C选项People who normally do not believe that aggression is necessary and justified may act aggressively during wartime和D选项People who believe that aggression is necessary and justified do not necessarily act aggressively during wartime是错误的，因为都只提到了一种人的观点。

在A选项People who believe that they are fighting a just war act aggressively while those who believe that they are fighting an unjust war do not和B选项People who believe that aggression is necessary and justified are more likely to act aggressively than those who believe differently的对比中我们发现这两句话都提到了两种人，都说到了会和不会aggressive，A和B最大的差别在于B比A多了likely的表述。对应原文的likely表示一种不确定的情况，我们可以排除A这种过于武断的说法，得出B为正确选项。

类似的题目如The Whigs were strongest in the towns, cities, and those rural areas that were fully integrated into the market economy, whereas Democrats dominated areas of semisubsistence farming that were more isolated and languishing economically. 这题中先看完句子发现原文中也有whereas，由此得知对这句话的改写必须包括Whigs和Democrats分别占领与经济相关的地方这一重要内容。

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由此得出D选项The Democrats' power was greatest in poorer areas while the Whigs were strongest in those areas where the market was already fully operating是最正确的选择，因为只有D选项提到二者分别占领和经济相关的地方。

可以排除A选项Whigs were able to attract support only in the wealthiest parts of the economy because Democrats dominated in other areas.，因为原文中是Whigs和Democrats二者的对比，两者情况进行分别的描述，所以A中的because是对原文逻辑的错误改写，是误导选项。

类似的，C选项The semisubsistence farming areas dominated by Democrats became increasingly isolated by the Whigs' control of the market economy 也可以轻松排除，因为其中没有提到Whigs和Democrats分别在哪里的点。

原文中向我们解释了Whigs和Democrats分别占领的地方都和经济有关，由此，B选项中Whig and Democratic areas of influence were naturally split between urban and rural areas, respectively 的表述是错误的，因为有很明显的naturally而不是我们需要的economically。

因此，在句子简化题中，关注一些逻辑点，可以帮助考生迅速做出判断，减少思考时间并提高效率。

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