2014年11月2日托福口语小范围预测

11月2日托福口语小范围预测一：

Task 2

Do you agree or disagree the following: we are more informed of the world events than our parents when they were young. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Task 3

Reading:
　　Many students in the university throw trash everywhere and do not throw them in trash can. This makes the campus not clean. Therefore, the university decides to impose a penalty of $15 on those who fail to put trash in the trash cans.

Listening:
　　The woman totally agrees with the decision of the university for two reasons. First, she made an example of her hometown. She said that her hometown had the same problem before. Then her hometown adopted exactly the same policy as the university is going to do soon.
　　Nowadays, her hometown is very clean. She also thought that it is not only the monetary penalty that deters other people from littering, but more importantly, if people got caught by policeman for littering, they will feel embarrassed. Second, she agrees with the man that the fine is not a big amount of money.
　　However, with the new policy, the university will become clean and tidy. So the university will not need to employ worker to clean the campus. In that way, it also saves much money for university.

Question:
　　The woman expresses her opinion of the university’s decision. State her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.

Task 4

Reading:
　　Assimilation and accommodation
　　Assimilation means one person categorizes an object into a concept that he has already known. Accommodation means that when one person cannot categorize an object into a concept he have already known, he will modify that concept and try to put that object into the concept.

Listening:
　　The professor talks about his daughter. He said when her daughter was young; she always looked at the birds feeding outside of the window. And every time when she saw different birds with different sizes or colors, she will point that bird and shout “bird” “Bird”.
　　 Because in her mind, the concept of bird is something that is small-size and has wings, feather and can fly.
　　One day the professor took her to zoo and saw an ostrich which is even taller than a person and cannot fly. When professor ask his daughter what is that animal. Her daughter kept silent. But finally, she said that that is a bird. In that case, his daughter changed the concept of bird and categorized ostrich as bird.

Question: The professor takes an example to illustrate the principle of assimilation and accommodation. Explain how the example relate to the reading passage.

教授女儿很小，当看见有鸟飞的时候，让小孩说BIRD， 在她的脑子里，鸟的概念就是小的翅膀的飞的东西。一天教授带女儿去动物园，看见ostrich也有翅膀，问孩子这个是什么，小孩犹豫下说是鸟，在这个事中，女儿改变了鸟的定义．

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Task 5

The woman is going to take the biology test in 5 minutes. However, she has to drive her mother’s car out of the parking lot and move to another place because she does not have a parking permit. The man suggest two options:
　　 the first one is to find anther place to park the car; the other is to leave the car there because he thinks that the class will not take long (only an hour) and the policeman will not find her car does not have a parking permit in such short time. But the woman worry that she will get a ticket and pay lots of money as penalty.

Question:
　　The man discusses two possible solutions to the woman’s problem. Describe the problem and the two solutions. Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why.

11月2日托福口语小范围预测二：

Task 1

describe a gift that you want to give someone.

Task 3

阅读:学校制定了一项节约电耗的计划(reduce energy consumption),准备在图书馆安装节能灯,并且把夏天时空调的温度调高.

听力:女同学不同意,因为学校另外一个活动中心安装了这种节能灯,发现光线很暗,学生通常不喜欢使用,而且经常把所有的灯都打开,不一定能够节约电耗. 另外, 空调如果调高,那夏天同学就只有呆在宿舍,但宿舍又很吵,这样以来,学生就没有一个perfect的学习的地方了.

Task 4

General的观点，human behavior是consists of a serial of simple behavior。有一种方法叫chaining，教授给个例子，他给她女儿教的洗手动作分解：1.开水龙头，2.把手伸出来，3.打肥皂，4.把手收回，5.关水龙头。然后他女儿就会洗手了。

Task 5 

男学生下周有一个Job interview,但是他把他的Suit忘在家里了.女同学给他两个建议,一是可以找他的roommate借,问题是roommate的衣服稍微有一点大，looks sluggish.另一个建议是去买一套,但是这就意味这这个男人要把自己本来用来买自行车的钱花掉,而且这个自行车是他一直想要的.问题: 请叙述这个男人的问题,并且说明女人给他的建议,你认为那个好?

Task 6

教授讲述食物变质的原因,主要是由于细菌引起.决定细菌生长速度的因素有两个: 温度和湿度temperature and moisture. 由于这两个因素是细菌生长的必要条件,所以可以通过控制这两个因素来抑制食物发霉和变质. 举了两个例子:一个是鱼如果被freezed就可以保存时间较长  第二是液体的milk比powder的milk容易坏.问题:做summary并且叙述教授的例子.

11月2日托福口语小范围预测三：

Task 1

Describe your experience of learning something new. And describe what problem did you meet and how did you solve the problem?

Task 2

Some people prefer to read or watch news every day, other people prefer to read or watch news regularly, which do you prefer.

Task 4

阅读: vertical migration: animals travel from the surface to the bottom in the ocean.

听力: squids:夜里在水表面，为了feed on tiny creatures. 白天光照强，水面上透光，可以引来predator attack. 晚上天黑了，在水面squids invisible, 就来水面吃东西。

Sample Answer:

The professor gives us an example of squid to illustrate the concept of vertical migration. Squids rise to the surface of the ocean to feed on tiny creatures during the night. Under cover of the night squids can successfully avoid the detection from its predators.
　　But in the daytime, staying near the surface of the ocean would be very dangerous for squids due to the strong sunlight and the translucent water. It'll leave squids unprotected and pone to be attacked by its predators.

Task 6

two things ancient human learned to keep the fire burning. 第一，technical knowledge. 发现木头烧完后fire die out.偶然明白木头是燃料，要keep burning, 就要add wood. 这是Technical understanding。第二，social skills 如果大家同时睡觉，火就灭了，因此明白了合作的重要性，要轮流看火。

Sample Answer:

The professor is describing two ways by which ancient human kept fire burning.
　　The first way is technical knowledge. Ancient human occasionally found that wood was the fuel to keep fire burning. They had to keep adding wood, or the fire would die out. The second way is social skills. Ancient human noticed that if they all went to sleep at the same time and no one kept an eye on the fire, the fire would went out. So they realized the importance of cooperation. So they took their turn being on night duty.

11月2日托福口语小范围预测四

Task 1

Which technology has made the greatest impact on people’s life in your country? Airplane，computer or television. Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.

Task 2

Some people believe that it is better for children to grow up in big cities. Others believe that it is better for children to grow up in small towns or rural areas. What is your opinion and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.  

Task 3

【学校通知】：the university is considering moving the student theater center from campus to the nearby downtown。好处1、downtown theater has a larger space，and it can contain more audiences。好处2、the new theater will have better technical facilities，so that students can get better light and sound while they are appreciating performances。

【学生态度】：男生反对此计划。理由1. audiences in the downtown theater are mainly students。It is quite inconvenient for them to drive for 20 min to get there to see performances，so few of them would like to go to the new therter。理由2、the facilities in school theater are quite basic and easy to operate。
　　However, students are not professional and well-trained, and the facilities in downtown theater will be too complex for studnets to operate。So, students might end up with worse lights and sounds than what they have now。So, better facilities are not necessary。

Task 6

【讲课要点】： 2 stages of children’s social development in playing：Stage 1：associative play：if some three to four years old children play together wth same material，they think and behavior in different ways。
　　For example , while some 3-4 years children are playing blocks together，little Johnny may use blocks to build a car and little Mary may use blocks to build an airplane。Stage 2：cooporative play：if some four to six years old children play together wth the same material，they start to cooperate。
　　For example , while some 4-6 years children are playing blocks together，they may create a house together。They may discuss about how it should look like, how many rooms it should have and how the roof should look like。

关于children play和social development的关系。（1）1ststage：3-4岁，表面上一起玩，但实际上各干各的。比如都在玩blocks，但修建的是不同的东西。（2）2nd stage：5-6岁，在一起玩，又相互交流。比如在一起用blocks修房子。这个阶段学会teamwork和cooperation。

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