雅思听力中常见的同义替换词

1. 词性变换

assess——assessment
　　develop——development
　　cooperate——cooperation
　　Europe——European
　　photocopying——photocopier

2.同义/近义词（组）替换 —— 名词

breed = species
　　climate=weather
　　conclusion=result
　　cost = price
　　sign = indication
　　partner = spouse
　　entrance=access
　　landlord=owner
　　pharmacy=drugstore
　　research studies=investigations
　　sea=marine
　　seminar=workshop
　　summer vacation=break
　　wild animals=beasts
　　certain number=limited number

3.同义/近义词（组）替换 —— 动词

ask for=request
　　be considered=be regarded
　　compose=write
　　cross=go over=walk through
　　complete=finish
　　divide=separate
　　extinct=die out
　　inform=warn
　　persuade=convince
　　prepare=draw up
　　request=ask for
　　send=mail out
　　set up=establish
　　Embark upon=start
　　satisfy = meet/ cater for
　　sold abroad =export

4.因果逻辑

because (of) = due to = as a result of = result from = on account of = owing to = be attributed to
　　cause=lead to=result in =reason for=bring to =bring about=give rise to = aim at = in order to =with the aim of
　　depend on/ rely on/ be based on
　　be decided by/ be determined by
　　be influenced by/ be controlled by

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5. 数量和程度

rest of= other parts of
　　majority of = most of = large number of = sizeable = high proportion of
　　a variety of = a range of
　　very = pretty =much = quite = awfully = extremely
　　only =just = merely
　　few = little = none = never = neither = barely = hardly = scarcely

6.其他

副词：approximately=about；practically=almost
　　例证词：For example=for instance =take … as an example =such as =like
　　时间：at the time = in the past；at present=at the moment =currently=now=available；
　　at times = sometimes = once in a while =from time to time；
　　deadline=date of expiry
　　感情色彩的同义替换：a good place —— a natural place；a good project —— a popular project

7.场景

食宿 Accommodation
　　halls of residence = dorm/dormitory = student hostel 学生宿舍
　　Apartment = flat = lodging house 公寓
　　Landlord/landlady=owner 房东
　　地点 Location = site = place = venue = whereabouts
　　餐饮服务 Catering service
　　refectory=cafeteria=canteen =dining hall 食堂
　　refreshments=snacks and drinks 小吃，茶歇
　　教育—初级教育
　　primary education = elementary  education
　　introductory course
　　教育—高等教育
　　tertiary education = further education = higher education； advanced course

8.其他

缺点：disadvantage = demerit = weak point = flaw = drawback = shortcoming = negative aspect = weakness = minus side
　　优点：advantage = merit = good/strong point = benefit = virtue = positive aspect
　　显示、证明：show = reflect = manifest = demonstrate = display = reveal = illustrate
　　同意、赞同：in favor = agree = for = approve = pro
　　不同意、反对：oppose = disagree = against = disapprove = con/anti
　　不足：Inadequate = insufficient = deficient = lack (of) = short(of)

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
　　2损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
　　3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
　　4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster
　　5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
　　6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
　　7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
　　8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
　　9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
　　10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve

11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
　　12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
　　13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition
　　14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
　　15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
　　16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
　　17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to
　　18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to
　　19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out
　　20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably

21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly
　　22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim
　　23 发生：Happen, occur, take place
　　24 原因：Reason, factor, cause
　　25 发展：Development, advance, progress
　　26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous
　　27 影响：Influence, impact, effect
　　28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
　　29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
　　30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to

31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely
　　32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
　　33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
　　34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation
　　35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that
　　36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle

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