托福写作里的“托霸”和“托渣”如何界定？

“托霸”和“托渣”是什么意思？现在网络流行用词有“学霸”“学渣”，“托霸”“托渣”也是这个道理。通过托福写作的一句话，就能看出，你是托霸还是托渣。

1.Original： We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn.

Revised： It does not surprise us to discoverthat sometimes success is measured in terms of themoney you earn.

点评：know是非常初级的词汇，作文中出现I believethat…，I know that…这样的表达只能体现考生写作技巧的稚嫩，用It does not surprise us to discoverthat…替换We know that…并没有改变原句的含义，却使全句顿时增添了亮点。

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2.Original： We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not cleanwater supply.

Revised： It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were notclean water supply.

托福写作点评：同上例一样，know这样的初级词汇应避免在作文中使用，It goes without sayingthat…是一个固定结构，意思是“……是不言而喻的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或表明一个尽人皆知的道理，类似的表达还有：

An old saying goes that…

Proverb goes that…

It is universally acknowledged that…

It is generally accepted that…

3.Original： Some other people think that people should read extensively.

Revised： Another position says that people should read extensively.

点评：同know一样，think也应该尽量避免使用，修改后的句子中是用Another position says that…代替think提出另一种观点，也可以用hold a point of view，hold the opinion这样的短语替换。

4.Original： The unexpected win of the match give us confidence.

Revised： The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence.

点评：give也属于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，也是中国学生最喜欢在托福独立写作中应用的词。这个词只表示“给，给予”这个动作，不涉及动作的性质和状态，若表示增添信心，增强士气，比较地道的说法是用boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughoutthe company. 管理模式的改变使整个公司上下士气倍受鼓舞。

5.Original： The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years.

Revised： The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years.

点评：greatly是一般用语，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相当普遍而没有新意，在托福独立写作中应尽量避免使用这些通俗而又陈旧的词汇，应换用一些更加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如significantly表示达到了非常重要的或可观的程度，“重大的，可观的”，能够具体说明药品使用方面，增长幅度巨大。significantly还可以替换成considerably，tremendously等，同样具有不错的表达效果。

关键词：托霸 托渣 句型  

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