雅思写作6分必备—如何对论点进行拓展

关键字雅思写作6分必备雅思考试写作6分必备

2014-03-31 来源：新通外语网igo99.cn 作者：李智勇阅读量：人喜欢手机阅读

导读

最近看了一位雅思写作老师录制的视频，视频的内容是关于中国考生雅思写作平均分数排名的。我惊讶的发现，对于屡遭战火洗礼的伊拉克学生来说，他们的雅思写作成绩竟然远远高于我们中国的学生（5.2分）。这让我这位从事英语教学多年的老师又一次感慨我们国内英语教育的弊端。同时，我又以我教授过学生的优秀表现而自豪。因为上我课的学生都知道，我对他们最低的要求是写作考试不要低于5.5分，因为低于5.5分，那就意味着你在拖中国人的后腿。所以，在过去的几个月内，新通外语天津分校有十几名我教授过写作的考生，雅思写作成功超过6分。我以他们为豪，因为他们给中国人的综合排名又做出了贡献。

雅思界一直在争论中国学生的雅思写作短板。作为老师，我也一次次目睹了一些国内学生如何成为日益火热的雅思战争中的牺牲品。一个申请牛津的学生，平均分达到了7，阅读和听力达到了8分，在最后写作这一项，却只有5分。因为写作成绩不够，他最终只能放弃申请牛津.......类似的例子不胜枚举。这样一个个鲜活的例子，一直是我在雅思写作上努力走在雅思写作培训前言的动力。我不断告诫自己，一定要通过自己的努力，让学生告别雅思5分的时代，一定要让学生考到6分。时至今日，看一下我最近学生发来的成绩单，我为学生的好成绩感到喜悦。

我之前一直在发表雅思写作的文章，大多数是讨论如何突破雅思写作6分。今天我也继续回归老话题，谈一下如何在论点延伸上，教学生达到6分的标准。

无论是对于5.5分班还是6分班，论据拓展是我雅思写作课堂上一项必教的内容。之所以这么重视论据的延伸，主要是因为在往年的教学经验中，我发现雅思写作上6分的学生中，每个人都熟知我教授给他们的雅思论据延伸，并且每个人都会灵活应用。我们中国有句话，叫做“言而有据”，这句话在雅思写作中，是非常重用的。然而，论据的延伸，在雅思写作中，却没有引起多数学生和老师的重视。正如之前我写文章指出的一样，多数写作课程只重视学生对于单词的把握，却忽视学生对于句子的把握；我这次想指出的是，多数写作课程只注重教给学生如何写出论点，而并没有教会给学生如何对论点进行有效延伸，使语言不要显得那么苍白无力。

论点的延伸的重要性是毋庸置疑的。在雅思写作真题考官的评论中，我们可以经常看到这样的话“Generally, the arguments the candidates make have been explained, extended and supported...” 我们需要注意三个单词，就是explained, extended和supported. 这就是所谓的支持句。在考官眼中，考生对论点进行合理的展开是一项重要的评分依据。

那么如何能够对于论点进行有效的展开呢？下面将一一进行总结。

雅思写作6分必备方法一：因果展开

顾名思义，因果展开就是考试利用表示因果关系的连接词或者关系词来进行展开。常用的词语包括： because, so, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, hence, as a result of, due to, thanks to等等。

具体使用方法如下：

例1：Many innovations are made with the aim of making money for a few. (论点句)

This is because it is the rich and powerful people in our society who have enough money to impose changes that are in their own interest. (因果展开句)

雅思写作6分必备方法二：举例展开

距离展开就是通过使用for example, for instance, such as, take... as a vivid example, to illustrate等来进行拓展。

例2: To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to the travelers. For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced.

雅思写作6分必备方法三: 对比或类比展开

对比就是通过使用by contrast, on the contrary, whereas, while 等进行论述。类比即使通过使用similarly, likewise等单词进行论述。

例3：A young adult who passes directly from high school to university is rather restricted in terms of general knowledge and experience of the world. By contrast, those who have spend some tine earning a living or traveling to other places have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on.

雅思写作6分必备方法四：让步展开

让步就是通过使用although, even though, even if等进行展开。

例4：In my country, many advertising companies produce advertisements with famous and popular actors or singers. People, especially youngsters, buy goods that their favorite singer or actor advertises, although they do not really need the products.

Those who believe teenagers are the happiest people cite their lack of responsibilities as a significant factor. They are supported financially and emotionally by their parents, and although they may be included in family decisions, they are not ultimately responsible.

雅思写作6分必备方法五：通过假设

例5：Today education has become a priority for many parents seeking to secure a good future for their children in this rapidly changing world. They believe that if their children work hard at school, then they will increase their opportunities for going to higher education and eventually getting a good job.

雅思写作6分必备方法六：通过下定义

例6：They are allowed to have whatever they want, regardless of price, and to behave as they please. This means that the children group up without consideration for others and without any understanding of where their standard of living comes from.

以上六种展开的方法，可以给毫无写作思路的烤鸭们进行一定的提示和参考。然而，灵活掌握和应用才是关键，这就需要真正理解这些展开方法所使用的语境。