新托福备考：实例讲解综合写作技巧

在新托福考试中，综合写作是相对好掌握的部分，因为其题型结构单一，且作文的模板性很强。做题时，考生只需将阅读材料和听力料中的重点内容记录下来并带入事先准备的模板中即可。下文，通过一个实例为大家讲述综合写作的解题流程和答题技巧。

我们以2011年12月17日北美新托福考试的综合写作真题为例，帮助大家掌握综合作文的解题流程和答题技巧。

首先，考生会看到关于第一题的题目说明：

Task 1：Writing Based on Reading and Listening

Directions: For this task, you will read a passage about an academic topic and you will listen to a lecture about the same topic. You may take notes while you read and listen.

Then you will write a response to a question that asks you about the relationship between the lecture you heard and the reading passage. Try to answer the question as completely as possible using information from the reading passage and the lecture. The question does not ask you to express your personal opinion. You may refer to the reading passage again when you write. You may use your notes to help you answer the question.

Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on the completeness and accuracy of the content.

You should allow 3 minutes to read the passage. Then listen to the lecture. Then allow 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Write your response in the space provided.

接下来屏幕上会出现一篇文章，左下角会出现一个3分钟的倒计时时间显示。考试正式开始。

1. 扫读文章

阅读文章时，应注意：

1)进行“扫描式”阅读，把文章主题和每段中心论点快速一扫而过，并随时准备速记重点，切忌“精读”，否则时间不够。

2)把握好每段重点，这可以帮助你从容地推测后面听力材料的要点。这种方式尤其适用于听力不够好的考生。

下面是本题的小文章，文中的重点已用标出，请大家留意。

Passage：

A recent new incentive program implemented by a major corporation aims to foster healthy lifestyles among its workforce. The potential benefits are numerous, though this article will focus on three of them.

The first benefit is obvious: the incentives will be a material aid in helping employees quit smoking and lose weight. The most commonly cited reason for failure to break bad habits is lack of a support network, because smoking and an unhealthy diet are quite common. But if an entire workforce is made of non-smokers or people who eat healthy food, every employee can break their bad habits.

Another powerful set of incentives for developing good habits is that the company will partially cover the payment of the insurance for those with healthier lifestyles. In effect, the amount saved from paying for insurance is a raise in salary. An added benefit could be offering them additional vacation days.

The third benefit should accrue to the company. Most workers with a healthy lifestyle are not absentee workers. Likewise, workers with good health tend to work far more efficiently. They take no smoke breaks, are less susceptible to nagging coughs and colds, and generally have more energy than their unhealthy counterparts. In turn, the company can make more profits and save the health-related costs. All in all, this incentive program for employees’ health is a win-win proposition for company and staff alike.

2. 记录文章重点

记录文章重点时，应注意：

1)重点一般分布在每段的首尾，前后呼应，逻辑性强：

段首：陈述每段主题

段尾：得出结论

2)笔记重点可按照“假说→假说根据1 →假说根据2 →假说根据3”的模式记录，这也是答题模板，建议大家熟记。在新托福考试听力部分结束后的10分钟休息时间内，考生最好在草稿纸上面先写好这个模板。

3)笔记内容要短而精，切忌抄句子。考生开始写作时，文章会再次出现在题目和答题区旁边。