【雅思真题词汇】 剑桥五《Johnson’s dictionary》part2

剑桥雅思考试全真试题5—TEST1—1
     Johnson’s dictionary （2）

1）he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis. 
       draw on：利用；动用
    heroic：崇高的；高雅的
    much more：多得多
    vicissitude：( 人生、命运等的 ) 变化；盛衰、浮沉 eg：After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published 
       lexicographer：词典编纂人
    noble：值得赞赏的；卓越的 eg：This very noble work
       perpetual：永久的  eg：will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author

2）without any patronage of the great; not in the soft obscurity of retirement, or under the shelter of academic bowers, but amidst inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow’. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark, in his own words, ‘setting the orthography, displaying the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascertaining the significations of English words’. It is the cornerstone of Standard English, an achievement which, in James Boswell’s words,’ conferred stability on the language of his country’.
       patronage：资助；赞助；支持   
       obscurity：不著名；无名
    bower：凉亭，遮荫处
    sorrow：悲伤；哀惜；不幸
    eccentricity：与众不同；奇特
    masterpiece：杰作；名作
    orthography：正字法；正确拼法
    analogy：类似；类推
    ascertaining：探知；发现；确定
    cornerstone：奠基石；基石
    confer：授予，赠予

The Dictionary made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension
    esteem：尊敬 , 尊重
    prevail upon：劝说某人做某
    hail：承认……为；拥立 eg：the Dictionary was immediately hailed in many European countries as a landmark
    grant：（尤指正式地或法律上）同意 , 准予 , 允许

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