雅思阅读同义替换如何帮助我们快而准的锁定答案

   今天，我们就按照从易到难的顺序，逐个探讨在雅思阅读中常见的同义替换的几种情况，比如近义词转换，上下义转换，词性转化，语态转化，以及言下之意。

1) 近义词：指词汇意义相同或相近的词语

例如：important – essential

      virtually – actually

真题演练（填空题no more than three words）：

T: A corpus enables the linguist to make unbiased statements about the frequency of usage, and it provides...

Q: A linguist can use a corpus to comment objectively on_____

解析：comment on=make statements，所以答案为 frequency of usage。

常考近义词真题摘录小结：

perceive → sense

evolve → develop

detect → find

mortal → people

unbiased → objective

resemble → look like

dwelling → domestic building

salary → wage

be gained from → derive from

2) 上下义词：上义词是对事物的概括性、抽象性说明（共性）；下义词是对事物的具体表现形式或更为具体的说明（个性）。

例如：apple（上义词）- oranges, strawberry（下义词）

      migrate（上义词）- immigrate, emigrate（下义词）

真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：

T: As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging - the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we grow older.

Q: Studies show how drugs available today can delay the process of growing old.

解析：treatment意思为“治疗”，治疗顾名思义包括药物，手术等。因此drugs是treatment的下义词；题目中提到drugs available，而文章中说no treatment，所以答案为false。

常考上下义词真题摘录小结：

chemical → fertilizer and pesticide

military → Second World War

body language → gesture

farming → grow plants and herd animals

environment → light, sound and warmth

3) 词性转化：同一个单词以不同的词性分别出现在文章原文和题目之中

例如：important – importantly

      born – birth

真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：

T: … they have more normal blood glucose levels (pointing to a reduced risk for diabetes, which is marked by…)

Q: Monkeys were less likely to become diabetic.

解析：diabetic是形容词，diabetes是名词，题目中说less likely to，而文章中说less likely to，所以答案为true。

常考词性转化真题摘录小结：

consume →consumption  

secrete → secretions  

fertilize → fertilizers  

creativity → creative  

investigative → investigate  

half → halve  

prefer → preference  

emit → emission  

error → erroneous  

medical →medicine 

4) 语态变换：主动-被动

例如：use – are used

真题演练（填空题no more than two words） ：

T: It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ‘radar’, since they do not use radio waves.

Q: Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because ____ are not used in their navigation system.

解析：are not used – not use，所以容易判断出答案为radio waves。

常考词性转化真题摘录小结：

fund → be backed 

recognize → were perceived

offer → was granted

5) 言下之意：解释词语和文章的意义

例如：investigate – find out information about sth.

真题演练（判断题True/False/Not Given）：

T: They had formulated a municipal calendar having 12 months of 30 days.

Q: They devised a civil calendar in which the months were equal in length.

解析：12 months of 30 days与months were equal in length为言下之意的同义替换关系，所以答案为True。

常考言下之意真题摘录小结：

T: It would reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.

Q: The consumption of fossil fuel would be cut because agricultural vehicles would be unnecessary.

T: Stepwells had a range of functions.

Q: During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes.

以上就是关于雅思阅读同义替换的分享，大家平时在备考时也要加强对于同义替换的总结和背诵哦。