雅思阅读：《巴西独立》原文及题目讲解

你现在拿在手里的题目选什么是不重要的，为什么选择这个选项才是最主要的。同学们在阅读由老师胡一美带来的本篇分析时，请注意老师的思路分析，学会如何答题才是最主要的。答题有了方法，成绩必然会提升。

好 我们继续进行《巴西独立》这篇文章的讲解。

第三题

According to paragraph 1, what happened to the 1778-1799 conspiracy against Portuguese rule?

A It ended up creating discontent in certain provinces of Brazil

B It increasingly came under the infulence of republican ideas from Portugal

C It was crushed before it got beyond the planning stage

D It gradually lost the support of the lower strata of urban society

首先，对于题干要先整体理解，这里有个重点的词consipiracy(阴谋,谋反,共谋 plot) , 大家后面具体看解释。

说根据第一段，对于反对葡萄牙统治的1778-1799 的谋反发生了什么。这样的细节题肯定要以年代这样的特殊词作为大方向去把握，

定位到原文：

The first significant conspiracy against Portuguese rule was organized from 1788-1799 in the province of Minas Gerais, where rigid governmental control over the production and prices of gold and diamonds, as well as heavy taxes, caused much discontent. But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed.

大家会发现第一句是对情况的描述，后面用了非限制性定语从句来说 Minas Gerais省这个地方的具体情况：有政府控制、高赋税，最终导致了不满。

我们要注意的是But的逻辑词，正所谓转折后必有考点，这样的内容是我们一定要高度关注的。

But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed。这句话的意思是但是这个谋反从来没有超出讨论的步骤，很容易就被发现和摧毁了。

根据原文答案为C。你懂了吗?

接下来　我们看第五题。这道题也是高频错题。

题干说　According to paragraph 2,King Joao did each of the following for Brazil EXCEPT

A establish a natioal bank

B support Brazilian industries

C obtain improtant tariff concessions from England

D encourage trade with a wider range of nations

原文：

The Portuguese prince and future King Joao VI opened Brazil's ports to the trade of friendly nations, permitted the rise of local industries, and founded the Bank of Brazil. In 1815 he elevated Brazil to the legal status of a kingdom coequal with Portugal. ln one sense, however, Brazil's new status signified the substitution of one dependence for another. Freed from Portuguese control, Brazil came under the economic dominance of England, which obtained major tariff concessions and other privileges by the Strangford Treaty of 1810 between Portugal and Great Britain.

在文章中我们分别看到了A选项的对应founded the Bank of Brazi， Bl选项的对应 permitted the rise of local industries, D选项的对应 trade of friendly nations, 唯独C选项 说“从英国获得重要的关税特权”而原文说的是英国获得主要的关税特权。意思曲解，所以答案为C。

这道题大家一定要注意定语从句中真正的主语。不要只是通过简单的定位去排除答案。

第六题 ：词汇题precipitated 这个词我们并不陌生。但是在文章中它的意思还是要求我们对词的把握要非常的到位。所以我们把这个词常用的意思都看一下。

n. 沉淀物

vt. 使沉淀;促成;猛抛;使陷入

vi. [化学] 沉淀;猛地落下;冷凝成为雨或雪等

adj. 突如其来的;猛地落下的;急促的

在我们的文章中它的意思就是 突然到来的 ，使突然发生。

在选项中也要注意 result from 不要跟result in混淆。一个是由...导致，一个是导致。

附录：原文

In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian reaction to the Portuguese policy of tightening political and economic control over the colony in the interests of the mother country. The first significant conspiracy against Portuguese rule was organized from 1788-1799 in the province of Minas Gerais, where rigid governmental control over the production and prices of gold and diamonds, as well as heavy taxes, caused much discontent. But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed. Other conspiracies in the late eighteenth century as well as a brief revolt in 1817 reflected the influence of republican ideas over sections of the elite and even the lower strata of urban society. All proved abortive or were soon crushed. Were it not for an accident of European history, the independence of Brazil might have been long delayed.

The French invasion of Portugal in 1807 followed by the flight of the Portuguese court (sovereign and government officers) to Rio de Janeiro brought large benefits to Brazil. Indeed, the transfer of the court in effect signified achievement of Brazilian independence. The Portuguese prince and future King Joao VI opened Brazil's ports to the trade of friendly nations, permitted the rise of local industries, and founded the Bank of Brazil. In 1815 he elevated Brazil to the legal status of a kingdom coequal with Portugal. ln one sense, however, Brazil's new status signified the substitution of one dependence for another. Freed from Portuguese control, Brazil came under the economic dominance of England, which obtained major tariff concessions and other privileges by the Strangford Treaty of 1810 between Portugal and Great Britain. The treaty provided for the importation of British manufactures into Brazil and the export of Brazilian agricultural produce to Great Britain. One result was an influx of cheap machine-made goods that swamped the handicrafts industry of the country.

Brazilian elites took satisfaction in Brazil's new role and the growth of educational, cultural, and economic opportunities for their class. But the feeling was mixed with resentment toward the thousands of Portuguese courtiers (officials) and hangers-on who came with the court and who competed with Brazilians for jobs and favors. Thus, the change in the status of Brazil sharpened the conflict between Portuguese elites born in Brazil and elites born in Portugal and loyal to the Portuguese crown.

The event that precipitated the break with the mother country was the revolution of 1820 in Portugal. The Portuguese revolutionaries framed a liberal constitution for the kingdom, but they were conservative or reactionary in relation to Brazil. They demanded the immediate return of King Joao to Lisbon, an end to the system of dual monarchy that he had devised, and the restoration of the Portuguese commercial monopoly. Timid and vacillating, King Joao did not know which way to turn. Under the pressure of his courtiers, who hungered to return to Portugal and their lost estates, he finally approved the new constitution and sailed for Portugal. He left behind him, however, his son and heir, Pedro, and in a private letter advised him that in the event the Brazilians should demand independence, he should assume leadership of the movement and set the crown of Brazil on his head.

Soon it became clear that the Portuguese parliament intended to set the clock back by abrogating all the liberties and concessions won by Brazil since 1808. One of its decrees insisted on the immediate return of Pedro from Brazil. The pace of events moved more rapidly in 1822. On January 9, urged on by Brazilian advisers who perceived a golden opportunity to make an orderly transition to independence without the intervention of the masses, Pedro refused an order from the parliament to return to Portugal, saying famously, "l remain." On September 7, regarded by all Brazilians as Independence Day, he issued the even more celebrated proclamation, "Independence or death!" In December 1822, having overcome slight resistance by Portuguese troops, Dom Pedro was formally proclaimed constitutional Emperor of Brazil.

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