托福独立写作首段如何写

　　对于托福独立写作，我们可以将其分为三大模块进行论述。他们分别是introduction，main body和conclusion。在这里，introduction的目的是为了引入整个话题，也就是告诉考官，你的文章需要包含一些什么内容，这里老师就介绍一下，我们的introduction的四种写法：并且给出例句，能让大家更好地理解。

　　Introduction类型：

　　开头1：(背景)+论题+反方观点+（反方理由）+过渡+作者论点+作者理由

　　PS：开头段写理由的好处：1. 使读者清楚文章的框架，便于预期和理解

　　加深读者对文章内容的记忆

　　限制作者的思维，使作者能深入思考理由和例证

　　显示语言变化能力

　　增加字数

　　怎么写背景:    1. 提出一种普遍现象或值得关注的现象（紧扣论题）作为背景

　　造成的影响

　　官方\权威数据，调查研究结果

　　过渡表达方法集锦

　　on the contrary\in(by) contrast

　　Nevertheless\nonetheless\however

　　but\while\whereas

　　Different people have different opinions towards this controversy.

　　Our society is divided by the argument whether…

　　This idea is strongly opposed by another group of people.

　　开头2：事例+背景+论题+作者论点和理由

　　事例： 1.媒体（电视，电台，报纸，杂志和网络）的报道

　　朋友，邻居，同事的故事

　　开头3：问题+论题+各方观点（和理由）+作者论点和理由

　　问题：1.把背景用问题方式提出；

　　连续提问（煽情式提问）

　　开头4：引语+论题+各方观点（和理由）+作者论点和理由

　　举例：

　　开头1(a)：父母应该为独生子女做每项决定。（agree or disagree）

　　【According to a recent statistic on the internet, the number of single-child family occupies 75 percent of Chinese families, and undoubtedly has the tendency of increasing.背景】【It follows that parents or other adult relatives may likely pay more attention to their children, for the reason that the energy of parents has been saved a lot compared to those who own several children. 论题】【Some people insist on making decisions for their children, considering that they are too young to judge. 反方观点和理由】【However, others believe that there is hardly any necessity to help so that children will cultivate the capability of analyzing important problems. 支持的观点和理由（过渡）】From my perspective, I completely agree with the latter idea.

　　开头1(b)：在校学生给与工作机会

　　More and more companies (including international companies and small companies) are founded nowadays, but there are not enough people to take these positions. Therefore, a large number of working opportunities are provided to people who are still teenager students. In some countries, some people think if teenagers do a job while they are still studying in school, it may have a bad impact on their grade. Others consider that teenagers should have jobs while they are still students. As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter, because teenagers can, through the job, accumulate amounts of useful experience and acquire some social skills.

　　开头2：电脑带来的坏处

　　【One day, my sister, who has been pregnant for six months, caught a bad cold. She wanted to take medicine for her cold but she wondered whether the medicine will do harm to the baby. She turned on the computer, went online and googled or searched for information on the safety of the cold medicine. After that, she made a right decision.事例】

　　【The impact that computer has on our daily life is undeniable. There is a growing awareness of both the positive and negative influences that computers have brought to us.背景】 【Some people might be right to think that computers have made life complex and stressful. 论题】【From my point of view, those shortcomings can be neglected when the advantages of computers are mentioned.自己的观点】

　　开头3：科技会消极影响生活

　　【Technology refers to skills, knowledge, and techniques that human beings use in their daily life and work. As everybody may find, technology develops day by day. How does the development of technology affect our life? 问题+论题】【Many people hold the opinion that it is due to the development of technology that human beings have access to the comfortable modern life. On the other hand, a number of people are always aware of all kinds of destructive influence of the technological development on us.各方观点】 【As far as I am concerned, the development of technology does far more good than harm to people’s happiness. 自己观点】

　　开头4：努力和幸运哪一个更重要

　　【I’m a great believer in luck, and I find the harder I work, the more I have of it.--Thomas Jefferson引言】

　　【There is little doubt that if people want to be successful, hard work is an essential element. While it is also clear that luck plays an undeniable role in one’s realizing dreams. 】I completely agree with Thomas Jefferson and believe that hard work, in most cases, helps people find and catch their luck and finally reach their life goals.

　　以上就是Introduction的四种写法，作为最常用的方法，我们可以根据自己的实际水平和题目灵活运用。对于写作来说，最重要的还是一定要积累并且写出。所以同学们一定要多写多练多改，才能达到真正的写作学习的目的。