干货 | 快速识别雅思阅读中的那些替换

雅思阅读文章长，时间短。在快速解答雅思阅读题目时，同学们往往采用定位单词来找出题信息，但是令人头疼的是定位的单词在文章中又偏偏找不到，原因就在于考官对出题信息进行了改写替换，接下来为大家介绍雅思出题考官常用的几种改写替换方式：

1.同义替换
2.数字替换
3.抽象具体替换
1.同义替换
雅思阅读各个题型的题干都会对原文出题句的部分单词或词组进行同义替换改写，以增加考生定位出题信息的难度。例如：
（判断题）
Q1: Prior to the start of MIRTP, the Market was almost inaccessible during the rainy reason.
原文：When the project began, Market District was virtually totally isolated during the rainy season
题干中的almost=virtually；inaccessible= isolated 所以题干的信息与原文信息一致 是TRUE
（简答题）
Q：Who proposed the opinion that human beings started to show a preference for right-handedness when they first developed language?
原文：Dr Brinkman, a brain researcher at the Australian National University in Canberra, has suggested that evolution of speech went with right-handed preference.
题干中evolution=develop；language=speech；
preference for right-handedness=right-handed preference；
答案应为Dr Brinkman
（匹配题）
题干：Growth in the market for glass crafts.
原文：But it is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition spins back at least to Roman times, is also booming.
题干中growth=booming; art=crafts; 所以题干信息与原文信息一致。
（填空题）
Q: He feels this would help to change the attitude of both and
原文：It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.
题干change=shift; and = as well as; 所以答案为consumers和farmers。
2.数字替换
雅思阅读出题考官通常会对原文的数字信息进行文字改写替换，所以数字信息虽容易定位，但是也要注意其改写变形。
（判断题)
Q1: Dung beetles were brought to Australia by the CSIRO over a fourteen-year period.
原文：Between 1968 and 1982, the CSIRO imported insects from about 50 different species of dung beetle, from Asia, Europe and Africa, aiming to match them to different climatic zones in Australia.
题干中 fourteen-year=Between 1968 and 1982 与文章信息相符，答案为TRUE
（判断题)
Q2: Research completed in 1982 found that in the United States soil erosion was causing significant damage to 20 percent of farmland.
原文：The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland as losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity.
题干判断题的数字考点20 percent= one-fifth 与原文信息一致 答案为TRUE
3.抽象具体替换
抽象具体替换是指用一个概括性表达的名词来替换有具体指代内容的名词。
例如：
(单选题)
Q: Category A, B and C were used to select
A.Front office staff
B.New teams
C.Department heads.
D.New managers
原文：A series of tests and interviews were conducted with potential employees, which eventually left 280 applicants competing for the 120 advertised positions. After the final interview, potential recruits were divided into three categories. Category A was for applicants exhibiting strong leadership qualities; category C was for applicants perceived to be followers, and category B was for applicants with both leader and follower qualities.
选项new teams是对原文strong leadership，followers, both leader and follower qualities的概括性表达，因此本题的答案选B
（匹配题）
题干: details of the simultaneous efforts of different societies to calculate time using uniform hours
原文：
题干中different societies是对段落E中的Italian，Babylonian，Germany，French这几个国家的概括性表达，因此同学们在原文里不能找到different societies的原词。
以上为大家介绍了几种雅思出题考官经常使用的三种替换改写方式，同学们在雅思阅读的备考中还要多练习，多积累。想要了解更多关于雅思备考的干货，请继续关注我们哦！

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