提高英语口语——从简单句开始

计划出国留学的亲们，如果是刚刚开始接触口语，那么还是希望童鞋们先把语法放一放，最重要的是保证你要表达内容的流利度。如果已经过了初级的练习阶段，那么还是要开始注意你的语法小错误了！虽然大家都知道长句会加分，但是无从下口啊！就是因为怕有语法错误，各种语序，词组用法神马的。想要在语法方面学习，其实我们还可以从一些稍稍简单的句子出发。比如说：

1.提高英语口语——定语从句

简单好用的一个基础入门句型，能够把主要的point用一个句子来描述出来。同时能够把两个简单意思的短句练成一个高级的长句式。这个句子好用的地方就在于，既可以修饰一个词语，也可以修饰一个句子。我们可以通过下面的例子一起来看一下：

问题: Have you ever learned any useful things from watching TV?

回答1：Yes. For example, recently, I have been watching a TV program. It’s called “Big Gourmet”, and this program arouses my interest in cooking…
　　回答2： Yes. For example, recently, I have been watching a TV program called“Big Gourmet” which has seriously aroused my interest in cooking…

两个回答虽然的确涵盖了相同的信息点，但是明显回答2更为简洁，并且把内容都放置在一个句子中了，结构合理，逻辑清晰。

2. 提高英语口语——真实条件句

光是听这个名字，童鞋们是不是就觉得很高级了！不少烤鸭只要看到if，就会觉得这个句子肯定用的是虚拟语气，后面接的肯定就是would/should之类的句子。其实这种想法是错误的！还有另外一种情况的句子，那就是：真实条件句！这种句型用来表示现实中可能出现的情况。一般从句都由if或者when来引导。比如说：

* If/When employees are treated with more respect, they are more loyal to the company.
　　* If/When the weather is good, I will probably do some exercise in the park.
　　* I am usually off at 6 pm, but sometimes I have to work overtime, if something urgent comes up.

从以上的例子，我们也可以看到，真实条件句一般都会用到，if/when... I will...或者if/when... I do....的结构。

以上提到的三个句子，就是真实条件句，虽然用到了if来引导从句，但是主句却不会像虚拟语气一样加would/should之类情态动词。因此烤鸭们在用到if的时候，脑袋也要转得快一点！

3. 提高英语口语——非真实条件句

讲完了真实条件句，当然现在要出场的就是非真实条件句了！非真实条件句也可以叫做虚拟条件句，也就是说假设的情况是和现实相反的。下面我们来看几个例子：

* If I were more outgoing, I would have more friends at school.
　　* If I weren't in a bad mood, I wouldn't be shouting at my boyfriend today.
　　* If I had known they were coming, I would have cleaned my house.
　　* If I had studied, I would have passed the test.

从这三个例子中，我们可以明显发现，假设的情况其实都是和现实相反的。实际情况就是其实我并不开朗外向，我心情并不好，我并不知道他们要来。由此我们也可以得到非真实条件句的一些句型结构：
　　If I were....,I would/wouldn't...
　　If I had done something....., I would/wouldn't...
　　If I had done something...., I would have...

4. 提高英语口语——虚拟语气的其他用法

相信现在童鞋看到这里，已经能够明白真实条件句和非真实条件句的用法了。那么再给大家一个surprise！那就是传说中的虚拟语气的其他用法！虚拟语气大家可能见得多，但是它的一些比较小众的用法，估计大家不是很清楚。下面一起看一道范例！

I didn't do as well as I should have at the speaking test today. I now realize that I should have done a few things differently. I should have spoken more confidently. I should have talked more about my feelings and opinions. And I definitely should't have pretended to know when I didn't understand the question.

在这个例子中，我们可以发现，主句用了过去式，为什么从句并没有一致地使用过去式，而是用了过去的过去，过去完成时呢？没错，这就是虚拟语气的用法，听起来是不是人物的感情显得更强烈了？OK，再给大家两个例子：
　　* I wish I were a bird.
　　* I wish I lived in the UK.

主句用了现在时，从句则使用了过去式。这就是虚拟语气的特殊用法，可以强调人物的感情，这样一来，脱口而出的文章情感渲染起来就更浓了。

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