托福口语task 6备考要点

出国学习时，当我们和朋友一起学习或者完成小组作业时，需要有归纳能力，懂得如何恰当地概括课堂讲义地内容。托福口语第六题考察的就是这种归纳能力：听一段主题多样的课堂讲义，并将其概括归纳，以及对该概念的两条细节内容的具体描述或者举例说明。听概括性叙述时，我们要注意，不用将听到的所有内容全部陈述出来，只需根据问题内容，有选择地回答。另外，要注意只需要陈述教授所讲地内容，不要加入自己地主观想法。

准备task 6 的步骤是：

1. 听讲义，理解细节内容。听讲义时，要注意边听边记录重要的内容。只要留意教授在提及核心内容时常常使用的表达，就很容易捕捉到重要信息。一般lecture的主旨都在前面的导入语部分，一定要留意类似于以下这些certain expressions：

• Today’s lecture is about….
　　• I will talk about…
　　• Today, we are going to discuss ……
　　• I’m going to begin this lecture by ……
　　• Today, I want to talk about ……
　　• The topic for today is ……
　　• We’ve been talking about …but today I wanna begin talking about…

比如today，we’ll be discussing invasive species. the term “invasive species”is used for plants or animals that….同学们听到这里，一定要做好笔记，并记下对名词进行定义的内容。一般教室在说完导入部分开始进入细节内容时，常用到的句型有：

• and that’s what i’m going to talk about today.
　　• this is what we’ll be looking at today.
　　• I am gong to go over two of them today.
　　lecture中的细节还会以firstly，secondly等标识性表达，不过有时候也会在没有任何标识的情况下，通过停顿或者语调的变化进入细节部分，听的时候要特别注意以下表达：
　　the first／the second
　　one is/and moving onto
　　there is an example/ anther example is …

2. 把握问题。比如：using points and examples from the talk, explain the impact that invasive species may have on regions where they are introduced. 注意在回答问题要求的” invasive species may have on regions外来物种给当地造成的影响”之外，不要陈述别的无关内容。

3. 准备20秒。化掉与问题无关的笔记内容，利用好笔记，按叙述顺序整理

4. 陈述60秒。首先要讲一个topic sentence，可以套用问题中的句子，比如刚才那个问题（using points and examples from the talk, explain the impact that invasive species may have on regions where they are introduced）的topic sentence可以是：the professor explains the impact of invasive species by giving examples.

然后按笔记的顺序一一陈述，用上firstly, secondly, also 等逻辑词来表述，每个例子最好各用4个句子展开。下面是回答task时常用的标准句型：

topic：
　　the professor explains + 讲义主题
　　the professor presents  + 讲义主题
　　the professor talks about + 讲义主题
　　as the professor mentions in the lecture + 讲义主题
　　according to the talk, + 讲义主题
　　according to the professor, + 讲义主题

details：
　　first off，he describes..
　　in the case of ..
　　one is..
　　the first example is ..
　　the first examples he gives is..
　　in the first case,
　　then, he shows that..
　　the other case is..
　　the other is..
　　the second example is ..
　　the other example he talks about is..
　　on the other hand..

接下来看几个例子，用所给的句型概括主要内容。

script：
　　1. Today, i’m going to talk about oceanic life forms that can protect themselves by using light. some use light to alarm and some use light to confuse predators. let me give you some examples.
　　如果套用“the professor explains that…”这样的句型。可以这样回答：
　　the professor explains that some oceanic creatures protect themselves by using light.
　　或者，according to the talk, a few oceanic creatures use light to protect themselves.

2. last class we discussed what fossils are, Now, let’s move on to the next topic. How can we use fossils? well, one important use is estimating the weather conditions in particular regions in the past.
　　如果套用句型“according to the talk”,可以这样回答：
　　according to the talk, fossils can be a clue to discovering weather conditions in the past.
　　或者，the professor explains that we can find out about ancient weather conditions with fossils.

同学们要在备考中熟练运用这些句型。听讲义时要将main topic记录到笔记中，example等也要做好笔记，利用30秒的时间组织答案，做到答题条理清晰。

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