论雅思阅读中的逻辑关系考点词2----比较关系

【名师简介】河南工业大学英语专业学士学位，英语专业八级。多年从教经验。主授托福、雅思阅读、听力。洞悉考试题型和技巧，化繁为简，深入浅出便于学生吸收。注重师生交流，关注每一位学生的成长，给予个性化的辅导和作业。授课紧密结合考试，循序渐进，使学生在学习中化被动为主动，兼顾综合能力的提高和考试目标的实现。
【教学感言】 
人与人之间差别最小的是智商，差别最大的是坚持！

上一节我们介绍过因果关系的考点，今天来重点介绍逻辑关系词考点中的比较关系考点。因果关系有显性和隐性之分，而能表示比较关系的关联词和短语也超乎我们的想象。

明显比较关系的特色词汇：

A同级比较as...as

B 比较级 more ,,,than， -er than, less...than

隐含比较关系的特色词汇

C 变化：change，alter，vary，modify，revise，increase，decrease，enhance，diminish

D 差异：different，distinguish，separate，same，similar，comparable，compare...to

E 超越：surpass，exceed，excel，over

F 最高级

1）本身有最高级含义：maximum，minimum，peak，outstanding，top

2）本身程度比较深：amazing，surprising，astonishing，prohibitively high

3）否定+比较=最高级

No one is more outstanding than him.从这句话可以看出，否定加比较表示的是一种最高级关系。

比较关系在雅思阅读判断题目中考察比较多。举例如下：

例1，题目：Extinct species are being replaced by new species.

原文：Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例2，题目：Early peoples found it easier to count by using their fingers rather than a group of pebbles.

原文：Counting is not directly to the formation of a number concept because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counter’s fingers.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例3，题目：Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run :lower secondary schools.

文章：virtually all pupils at this stage attend state schools：only 3 per cent are in the private sector. Schools are usually modern in design, set well back from the road and spacious inside.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例4，题目In experiments，rats who ate what they wanted led shorter lives than rats on a low-calorie diet.

文章：Scientists first recognized the value of the practice more than 60 years ago, when they found that rats fed a low-calorie diet lived longer on average than free-feeding rats and also had a reduced incidence of conditions that become increasingly common in old age.

答案：YES

例5，题目 Ants can build large cities more quickly than humans do.

原文：Such enduring and intricately meshed levels of technical achievement outstrip by far anything achieved by our distant ancestors.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例6，题目In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they do today.

原文：The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence.’

例7，题目In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.

原文：Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are stimulated to recall the material presented. Once again the approach is indirect. …. Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.

通过以上例子得出比较关系在雅思阅读第一大题型判断题的考察中非常重要。除了熟悉传统意义上的比较关系表达词外，非常规的比较关系表达如outstrip，erode，similar，not unusual等同样是不可忽略的一个重要部分。

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