教师支招：托福独立写作逻辑词的巧用

托福独立写作都是议论文，考查的是考生能否就一个常见话题清晰地表达观点并进行充分的论证。因此考生不仅要向考官展示自己的语言能力，更重要的是要使自己的作文论点能被考官信服。逻辑词的使用，不仅可以帮助考生在表达观点时更加条理清晰，而且还可以在议论方面起到推波助澜的作用。下面作者会介绍一些常用的逻辑词，以及它们的常用句式表达。

托福独立写作逻辑词的巧用一．因果

1. Because of, owing to, due to

2. There are several reasons for .../why

3.As a result of X,/consequently,/be responsible for; be attributed to

由于当今世界的激烈竞争，大量的年轻人承受巨大的压力。

Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure.

由于灯泡的发明，人们可以在晚上读书而不伤害视力。

As a result of the invention of the light bulb, people can read books at night without their eyesight being damaged.

野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。

Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction. 

我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。

We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment.

托福独立写作逻辑词的巧用二．比较

1.Compared with X,

2.A cannot compare with B

3.Similarly, likewise

4.A is similar to B

5.In the same way,

6.Unlike

7.On the contrary

小组学习可以为你节省很多时间。相反，你会分心和其他人闲聊。

Group studying can save you much time. On the contrary, you can end up getting distracted and chatting.

不应该以封面判断一本书。同样，从一个人的外表也无法了解这个人。

You should not judge a book by its cover. In the same way, you cannot know a person by his or her appearance.

与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。

Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests.

与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。

Contrary to (In contrast to, Unlike)pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their society.

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托福独立写作逻辑词的巧用三．让步

1.Although/though/even though

2.In spite of /despite

3.Despite the fact that...,

4.Nevertheless/nonetheless, even so

尽管平均寿命很高，但是人们并没有尽多大力量保持身体健康。

In spite of high life expectancies, people do not make much of an effort to maintains their physical health.

尽管语言和文化有差异，但我还是可以结交外国好朋友。

Despite the fact that languages and cultures are different, we can make good foreign friends.

孩子们喜欢花大多数时间玩电子游戏，但是，应该禁止他们玩这些游戏。

Children love to spend most of their time playing video games. Nonetheless, they should be prohibited from playing these games.

尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。

In spite of (Despite)a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems.

托福独立写作逻辑词的巧用四．递进

1.Moreover/furthermore/in addition/aside from

2.In other words,

3.More importantly

4.In particular

5.In consideration of , in view of

考虑到英语在我国日益增长的重要性，许多学生选择出国留学。

In consideration of the increased importance of English in our country, many students choose to study abroad.

我们可以通过换救热带雨林来保护濒危动物。另外，这么做还有助于进一步防止空气污染。

We can protect endangered animals by saving the rain forests. In addition, doing this can help prevent further air pollution.

除了和他人的关系以外，内向的人通常不善于在别人面前表达。

Aside from their relationships with others, introverted people are usually not good at giving presentations in front of others.

特别是，我认为应该允许学生选择他们想学的。In particular, my opinion on this issue is that students should be allowed to choose what they want to learn.

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