托福听力经典加试解析之拉格泰姆音乐

关键字经典加试拉格泰姆音乐托福听力

2015-01-29 来源：互联网作者：阅读量：人喜欢手机阅读

导读

托福考试大陆考区的加试一般以托福听力加试为主，加试的成绩虽然不计入总分，但是也是不能忽视的。更多托福要点、资讯敬请关注新通外语培训网（www.igo99.cn）托福频道，也可拨打400-618-0272免费热线！

原文：Ragtime Music

Now listen to part of a lecture in a music history class.

P: Often times we talk about the popularity of music, but we don't always think about the role that the instruments play in their popularity. To give you an idea of what I mean, just take Ragtime music for instance. Without the piano, Ragtime music certainly wouldn't have evolved in the late 1800's the way that it did. I mean...characteristics like the keys, and the chords, made the piano suitable for playing the separate parts of the music: the melodies, rhythms, harmonies, at the same time. So, with one hand you could play the melody, while playing the harmony with the other. All the while maintaining the rhythm, all characteristic of Ragtime music. In other words, the piano allowed musicians to create the lively sound of Ragtime music unlike any other instruments of their time.

And for about 20 years, Ragtime music was America's most popular music, particularly the piano rag, although some people didn't exactly embrace ragtime, young people in general especially liked it.

S: Kind of like Rock and Roll in the '50s?

P: Without a doubt. I mean of course Ragtime in 1900 didn't sound at all like Rock and Roll did in 1950, but I'd say that's a fair comparison. Ragtime generated the same kind of excitement that other kinds of music like Rock and eventually Rap did.

S: Really? Well, with Rock and Rap, I get why they are popular, but when it comes to Ragtime, well...I don't get it.

P: Ok, let’s take a moment to look at what Ragtime music was about; it was fresh and new, it was the first kind of mainstream music that used African-American rhythms and that was exciting, and finally the music and even the lyrics reflected the restless energy and optimism of young people. Can you see how it could capture the spirit of American youth? Just like Rock would do 50 years later?

So, getting back to the piano, of all instruments. As I said before, its unique design was part of the appeal, which was well suited to the style and rhythm of Ragtime music, but there were other reasons why it was so popular. Remember, this was the time before the advent of the automobile. The piano was a symbol of respectability, a symbol of success. Other than a house, it had represented, for many families, their biggest single purchase, and even though not everyone could afford it, everyone wanted to enjoy. So, wherever you would go, restaurants, theaters, the main instrument used for indoor public musical entertainment, was the piano. But let's not leave out the sound quality.

Few people realize how powerful the pianos used at that time were, they used the big types of pianos then, before the smaller pianos like Spinets came into fashion. The Ragtime-era pianos could produce a sound that was so full, it would even resonate through the wooden floors of any building, be it a home, concert hall or whatever! This full sound itself had the listeners actually feeling these unique and exciting piano vibrations though their feet and bones.

S: Wow! I never thought of that. So...they...the piano and the ragtime style were perfect for each other.

P: Well... in a sense... yes. But granted, although the piano's sound quality was exceptional, there were benefits to using other instruments to play ragtime. For instance, events like parades, and park concerts, required instruments that were easier to transport, like the banjo and the comet. Nevertheless, the piano played such a fundamental role in Ragtime. In fact, its sound quality alone contributed to piano sales peaking in 1909—roughly the mid-point of the Ragtime-era. It's no coincidence that the number of published piano rags, or sheet music, also reached their peak their very same year.

S: It's too bad that Ragtime music isn't still around, I kind of liked some of the music from that era.

P: Well, just like all music, it went through some major transitions. It began as a fixed form of music; it always had to be played as written, but that was in the beginning. Eventually, it evolved into a form of music that's still around today. Can you guess what?

S: Hm...I'd say since its rhythm is a lot like jazz, that's got to be it.

P: You got it! You could almost say that jazz is an improvised kind of Ragtime music. So you see, because of jazz, we still have the remnants of Ragtime around.

Ragtime 介绍了一种流行于美国十九世纪左右名为 ragtime 的音乐，能够表现年青人的活力(spirit of youth)之类的，此乐流行是由于 piano 的关系，因为两者真是太搭配了。在那个年代，在各种场合都用钢琴。此乐当时流行程度， (like Rock & Roll在某一时期一样) 。这里出现考点，女学生说了一堆后，来了一句I just don't get it，意思是要教授 explain。

对话中还谈到 piano 之所以当时那么受欢迎，一是因为它能与音律产生和谐，另一是因为当时它算一种财富地位的象征什么的 symbol of wealth and status。再加上，那个年代大家都没钱，就去 public concert or restaurant听音乐，而 piano 声音够响亮，又和 ragtime music

rhythm 搭配的天衣无缝，所以两者相得益彰。年轻人很喜欢这个音乐，因为很有激情。除了到处演出，park 演出等不用钢琴，因为难搬(出现考点because of transportation problem)。同时，此乐也是 jazz 的前身，因为演奏者不按牌理出牌，一首曲七个人弹，弹出七种调。这种regtime 音乐影响很远，例如现在的 jazz 就是从那发展来的。

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