托福阅读否定事实信息题解析

托福考试中，通常每一篇阅读文章会出现一道或两道否定事实信息题。新托福阅读部分的事实信息题是指一个经常或已经发生的真实事情，事件或现象。然而，否定事实信息题涉及的选项是三对一错，需要考生回原文对应三个正确选项，找到一个错误选项，因此很多考生会觉得对这种题型无从下手。

首先我们先来了解一下这个题目的出题形式:通常ibt阅读事实信息题都是以特殊疑问词开头的特殊疑问句, 例如:
according to the passage, what…?
which…?
why…?
how…?
who…?
where…?
when…?
according to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
in paragraph… , what does the author say about…?
what point does the author make about…?
what reason is given for…?
the author argues that…
the author mentions…as an example of…
…is an example of…
…is a type of…
which of the following statements applies to…?
which statements best describes…?

最典型的提问方式：

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT

解题技巧:

1、首先略读寻找主题思想及重复的关键词。

2、由于托福文章都经过修改以适合测试，大都有些支离破碎，所以衔接词很重要。托福中经常使用的衔接词是重复使用的关键词及同义词。

3、在答题时需要参考阅读中所做的角或所画的图表，也可以从问题题干和答案选项中找关键词，然后快速从文章中找出这些词或它们的同义词。

例题分析:

people’s eating habits are strongly influenced by a number of factors besides taste. cultural values, demographic characteristics, personal finances, and concern about the environment all help determine what you eat. furthermore, advances in technology, laws and competition are factors in what foods are available to you. to the extent that u.s. and european consumers are influenced similarly by these factors, you would expect and, indeed, would find their eating habits to be remarkably similar. however, because the relative influence of many of these variables differs on the two sides of the atlantic, u.s. diners and europeans often find themselves eating different things.

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one of the most significant factors that appears to account for differences is the variation in social values. consumers in the united states, for example, have been interested in the health and fitmess aspects of their food for some time. this interest has resulted in a deluge of diet and other types of “lite” food on u.s. grocery shelves. european consumers, however, are just beginning to get interested in diet and “lite” foods. a recent sudy found both u.s. and european consumers primarily interested in the fat content of foods. after this commonality, however, the concerns of the two groups in the fat content of foods. after this commonality, however, the concerns of the two groups diverged. europeans want (in descending order) freshness, vitamin and mineral content, and nutritional value while americans look for foods low in salt, cholesterol, and sugar.

glossary:

upheaval: a big change in society or in family like which causes a lot of trouble, confusion, and worry in people’s lives

according to paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true?

a: both u.s. and european consumers are not interested in the fat content of foods.

b: u.s. consumers are more interested in diet and other “lite” food.

c: europeans do not care about freshness, vitamin and nutritional value.

d: europeans care about foods low in salt, cholesterol, and sugar.

分析:

1、要多多注意干扰选项, 使用了关键词，词组和文章的内容，但与问题无关，所表达的信息不正确，文中没有提及；

2、选项b正确. 可以从文中的第二段去找答案；

3、答案a和答案c及d与事实信息正好相反, 为不正确信息。

否定排除题基本介绍:

事实是指真实事情，事件或现象或其他文章中出现过的信息。否定事实是文章中没有出现过的内容或是省略部分。问题要求选出文中没有陈述，提及或非真实信息的答案。总共有2至3个问题。

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