托福TPO：TPO28 Lecture 1解析

看似生僻的哲学，其实并没有想象中的如此复杂。

主旨: The basis of knowledge means how we know what we know.

然后引出 foundationalism means serving as a base for knowledge as if we build a house on a base, the more strong the base is, the more solid the structure of knowledge is.( 第二题修辞目的题： 将foundationalism 比喻建房子的地基，地基越strong, 房子越solid）

接着通过对两个科学家对foundationalism 的理解来展开叙述。（ 第一题的主旨题）

Lock: Our senses and experiences serve as foundation for our knowledge.（第三题细节题 : 什么是人们的basic knowledge for Lock，即 senses)Carte: Senses can deceive us, he wants to find a more solid foundation.

Then he start with methodological doubt （第四题修辞目的题，问为什么作者要提到methodological doubt, 即开始探索什么可以作为foundation), which means everything should be questioned. At last, he put forward that if one thing that can not be false, that it can serve as a foundation for all knowledge claims.(第六题细节题，只要听到了答案很明显）

后面都是在论证 sense 怎么样deceive us, 比如说 illusion, mirage, and dreaming (第5题细节题，考的是dreaming 的重要性，即我们不能完全相信reality)
结尾部分推出一个大前提，就是当人们在进行这一系列活动的同时，人必须是存在的，hence => I exist 就是那个foundation we can base on.

词汇：shimmering adj. 闪烁的，微微发亮的

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