托福听力题型特点总结及应对策略

托福听力是托福考试的第一部分，通常托福听力发挥的好坏直接影响下面的考试，下面是新通外语老师为大家分享托福听力题型特点总结及应对策略。

一. Basic Comprehension   基本理解力

1,Gist question（主旨题）

1)，主旨内容题

提问方式：

What problem does the man have?

What are the speakers mainly discussing?

What is the main topic of the lecture?

What is the lecture mainly about?

What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss?

题型特征：

◆每篇一题

◆开头出现或者需进行篇章概括

应对策略：

◆开门见山式的主旨：注意文章开头的信号词

I am here to talk about... /I'm interested in...  /

Today, I want to talk about../

Last week we talked about.... Today, we are going to move on...

We've been talking ...Today, we are going to talk about

◆需进行概括的主旨：总结全文反复出现的关键词和文章的主要细节

◆排除选项中太具体和太抽象的内容；排除文章细枝末节

2)，主旨目的题

提问方式：

Why does the student visit the professor?

Why does the student visit the register's office?

Why did the professor ask to see the student?

Why does the professor explain X?

题型特征：

主要出现在conversation中

应对策略：

把握对话的开头。

2,Detail question（细节题）

提问方式：

According to the professor , what is one way that can affect Y?

What is X?

What results from the invention of the X?

According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory?

题型特征：

◆每篇2-3个

◆考查具体的信息，例如事实、描述、定义、原因和例子

应对策略：

◆充分全面的做好笔记;

◆注意表示因果,转折,强调 ,解释, 举例等表示描述的事实、描述、定义、原因和例子的词语

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因果

常出现的：Because, since , so，therefore,As a result ,then，for this reason,

其他：hence , resulting, thus,  consequently……..

转折

常出现的： though , although, even though, in spite of , however，On the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary

其他：despite, regardless , notwithstanding尽管

yet , nevertheless , instead , rather , whereas然而

强调

Definitely ,extremely, especially, obviously , absolutely, positively, surprisingly, in fact, emphatically , indeed, in any case, only

Unquestionably, without a doubt ,best

解释

Define，is defined as，known as, that is ,the term means ,we mean,  we refer to

举例

常出现的：for example, for instance , such as, in this situation, on this occasion,

其他：take the case of , to demonstrate, to illustrate , as an illustration,like, in this/another case

二. Pragmatic Understanding  语用理解力

1）Function （功能题，即重听题）

提问方式：

What does the professor imply when he says this:（reply)

What can be inferred from the professor's response to the student?（reply)

What is the purpose of the woman's response?（reply)

Why does the student say this?（reply)

题型特征：

◆每篇一题

◆重听部分是涉及语气和语调的口语表达

◆问题涉及理解说话者的意图和理解语句表达的真正含义

应对策略：

◆关键是理解重听内容在重听那一段话中的作用，也就是理解这句话的语境意义。理解语境是解答功能题的关键。

◆熟悉功能体常考的几种功能类型

①　解释功能Explanation，常见的信号词有 Simply put / Let's put in this way/ I think I should/ you mean等；

②　总结功能Conclusion，常见信号词有now to sum/ wrap up my speech，anyway等；

③　建议功能 Suggestion，常见信号词有 you should have done something better ,I suggest, I propose, I think, if I were you, why don't you 等;

④　鼓励功能Inspiration，常见信号词有come on, you are supposed to know this等；

⑤　强调功能Emphasis，常见信号词有 please bear in mind that…/ Rhetorical question反问句等；

⑥　更正错误功能 Correcting mistake，常见信号词有 wait a minute/ I made a slip of tongue, oh, I'm sorry, oh, what do I mean等。

2）Attitude（态度题）

提问方式：

What can be inferred about the student?

What is the professor's attitude toward…?

What is the professor's opinion of …?

What can be inferred about the student when she says this：

What does the woman mean when she says this?

题型特征：

◆每篇一题

◆考察说话人的观点意图，感情色彩

应对策略：

◆注意教授在讲课过程中语气语调的起伏变化：重音、放慢语速或停顿的地方

◆通过形容词或副词的感情色彩来把握说话人的意图

◆熟悉选项中出现的情感表达

积极的情感：interesting，impressed,amused，excited,likes/wants

消极的情感：confused,embarrassed，worried ,concerned，upset,annoyed,frustrated,reluctant.

确定的态度：unsure，uncertain，doubtful,confident

3. Connecting Information   连接信息力

1). Organization Question(结构题）

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提问方式：

How does the professor organize the information that she presents to the class?

How does the professor clarify the points he makes about Mexico?

题型特征：

◆主要出现在lecture中，

◆考察整篇文章或段落的结构方式，或者特定部分在整体环境中所担当的角色

应对策略：

◆熟悉文章的几种基本叙述方式:

如顺序的叙述方式，按年代的叙述方式，分小项的叙述方式

◆熟悉局部的叙述方式

比如:下定义，列举，因果，比较以及对照等叙述方式。

2）Connecting content question（信息连接题，也就是表格题）

提问方式：

What is the likely outcome of doing procedure X before procedure Y?

What can be inferred about X?

What does the professor imply about X？

题型特征：

◆一般每篇1题

◆考察学生在掌握信息的基础上，处理信息间的联系过程（有别于细节题）

应对策略：

了解连接基本信息的方法

①　Yes/No

②　按照项目分类 ,也就是配对

③　顺序的过程：stepA-stepB-stepC

3)Inferences Question(推理题）

提问方式：

What can be inferred about X?

What dose the professor imply about X?

What does the professor imply when he says this(replay)

题型特征：

◆每篇一题左右

◆类似询问说话者态度的问题,不同之处在于需要综合利用更加多元化的信息。

应对策略：

◆找出题目中需要推论的对象,推论的对象往往与文章的整体内容相关，需一边听较长的文章，一遍综合各种信息。

◆熟悉正确及错误答案的类型

正确答案：听到的文章内容的完全综合再陈述（同义改写）

错误答案：对于原文内容的重复

                有逻辑跳跃的推论

◆在文章的结尾部分推测未来行动或事件。

了解更多托福听力、托福考试、雅思备考相关问题，咨询免费电话：400-618-0272，或者我们会有资深老师为您解答。

新通外语郑州秋季班9折优惠抢报中，在这里实现你的托福高分