如何稳步提升托福阅读分数

托福阅读最为关键的是提高对于文章的理解力。从理解力的角度来分析，应该应该从词汇、句型、文章结构来进行。所以，建议基础阶段的学生能够从基础性文章着手来进行提高。在下面的文章中，笔者将从词汇、句子和句子结构三个方面讲述如何学好托福阅读。

The ocean bottom – a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth – is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep – ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,6000 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's surface, the deep – ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.

Although researchers have taken samples of deep – ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation's Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDP's drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.

The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15 – year research program that ended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers and took almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sites around the world. The Glomar Challenger's core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.

The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yielded information critical to understanding the world's past climates. Deep – ocean sediments provide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because they are largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biological activity that rapidly destroy much land – based evidence of past climates. This record has already provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change – information that may be used to predict future climates.

生词讲解

1. Inaccessible 难以接近的，难以抵达的

Access, accessible,

2. Beneath 在...下面

3. subject n. 主题，对象   subject to...是遭受，臣服

4. forbid

In many countries, smoking in public is forbidden.

forbidding令人生畏的，严峻的，

5. void 真空

6. uncharted 未经标注的，未经勘探的

疑难句处理

1. Until about a century ago, the deep – ocean floor（主语） was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,6000 meters deep.

解释：A century ago, the deep oceans was fully out of reach, and was hidden under waters which were over 3,60000 meters deep on average.

2. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's surface（修饰成分）, the deep – ocean bottom(主语) is a hostile environment to humans,

in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.（修饰成分）

解释：The deep-ocean bottom is totally without light and suffered huge pressures which are hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface. It is a hostile environment to humans. Just like the outer space, the deep-ocean bottom is frightening and remote.

文章结构和段落大意

1. Deep-ocean bottom was a remote and unknown area.

2. I 1968, DSDP started the drilling operation and extracted samples from the ocean floor.

3. With the samples, scientists were able to know more about the geological process in the past.

4. The samples of extracted sediments were critical to understanding the world’s past climate.

文章结构： 介绍段—深海勘探—深海勘探意义1—深海勘探意义2

对文章的快速把握，能够让学生迅速掌握并积累阅读词汇和增加理解力，只有对文章有好的了解，才能逐渐提高托福阅读的成绩。

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