流利度和连贯性是雅思口语的评分标准之一。其中,连接词和语篇标示词的使用是一项重要的评分项。不过大部分考生还是停留在and,but,so这三个简单的连词上。其实在考试中使用恰当的衔接词,不仅能体现出衔接词的地道和多样性,也会对内容的连贯性方面的分数会有直接提高。一个英语学习者会不会使用连接词,将直接决定其表达的地道程度和逻辑性,写作中如此,口语更是这样。不少“烤鸭”不习惯使用逻辑词,因为在汉语中有时我们并不需要使用太多的逻辑词来组成我们的句子。例如汉语的“你喝,我就喝”,但是到了英语,我们的句子就变成了“If you drink, I'll drink.”
首先:Firstly, First of all, What I want to mention firstly is that….., Tostart with, To begin with, For one thing, My first point is that…..
其次:Secondly,In the next place, Moreover, My second point (reason) is that….
第三:Thirdly, Furthermore, Besides
最后:In the end, Finally, Lastly, In the end, My last point (reason) isthat…, Last but not the least
二、因果关系
因果关系,顾名思义,就是要解释原因,常见的因果关系的用法有这些:
最简单就是so, because, 如果想避免重复,使自己的回答更加出彩,我们还可以使用这些:due to, because of, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, inconsequence of, on account of,in view of, hence, therefore, thus, accordingly和consequently等。在口语中,有的时候一些nativespeaker会用cause或者coz来代替 because,在口语考试中这种非正式用法可以使用,但是切记不要使用的过于频繁。
三、让步关系
表示 让步关系的用法一般有这些:
Although,Though, Regardless of. Even if, Even though, As long as等
四、转折关系
转折关系是指一个句子里后面的分句没有顺延着前面的分句说下去,而是与它相反,我们第一反应想到的表示转折关系的词就是But,除此之外,英语中表示转折关系的用法有这些:Although,Despite, However,In spite of, Instead, Nevertheless, On the contrary , Otherwise, Though , While,Yet
五、递进关系
英语中表示递进关系的词语有:not only…but also,as well(as),at the sametime,besides,further more, in addition(to),like wise ,more over,worse still
In addition to what I’ve just said, I can add that…
Apart from what I’ve mentioned, another key point is that
六、修饰关系
口语中表示修饰关系,一般都是对人,对事,对物,对时间以及对地点的修饰,通常一般会有从句的形式来修饰先行词,常用来表示修饰关系的词语有:that ,who ,which, when ,where
七、对比关系
对比关系是指一句话的前半句和后半句形成了对比,口语中常见表示对比关系的用法有:On the other hand ,while ,Whereas, Incontrast, On the contrary
八、举例和泛指
在口语考试中,我们为了使自己的内容不要听起来过于苍白,因此经常加一些例子是自己的内容听起来更加丰富,英语中常见的举例用法有:like ,such as ,Take...forexample , In some cases , and stuff like that , and things like that , or something like that
九、其他
as well , as well as , in terms of, instead of , rather than
十、不是连词的表达
英语口语中,我们还可以用一些比较高大上的用法来给自己加分,比如:tend to ,basically , actually
十一、谈及;谈到;关于
Speaking of; talking about; when itcomes to; as far as s concerned.; as regards ; regarding; 通常用于帮助提示转移话题,或转换另一个角度或方面。
例1:Speaking of those old people who live alone, I guess their childrenwould support them financially, and visit them on a regular basis.
例2:As for how I felt about our city museum, I think it servessignificant purpose as far as education is concerned.
例3:When it comes to the drawbacks, I think students' study efficiencymay be low since there is no teacher around to supervise and motivate them.